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- Public Health Nursing: The Public Health Intervention Wheel
Public health nurses and other public health professionals work collaboratively with communities to create environments that promote health and prevent disease and disability. They use an ecological approach to respond to the needs of the communities and are proactive in program and policy development to enhance the health of populations. Public health nurses use the Nursing Intervention Wheel to define the scope of public health nursing practice by the type of
intervention and the level of practice. Regardless of the site or the population, this core set of interventions represents public health nursing as a specialty practice of nursing. This online version of this Public Health Intervention Wheel enhances the original wheel by using visual representations of the interventions by level of intervention in the everyday practice of public health nursing. Public
Health Intervention Wheel and Applications for Nursing Practice, University of Minnesota School of Public Health The Minnesota Model ("The Intervention Wheel") depicts the use of these public health interventions at the various levels of practice. This model is the basis for the framework of the SPHERE (Secure Public Health Electronic Record Environment) system in Wisconsin. Last Revised: February 14, 2022
The 10 Essential Public Health Services (EPHS) describe the public health activities that all communities should undertake. For the past 25 years, the EPHS have served as a well-recognized framework for carrying out the mission of public health. The EPHS framework was originally released in 1994 and more recently updated in 2020. The revised version is intended to bring the framework in line with current and future public health practice.
The revised EPHS framework was released on September 9, 2020, as a result of a collaborative effort by the Public Health National Center for Innovationsexternal icon (PHNCI) and the de Beaumont Foundationexternal icon, who convened a task force of public health experts, leaders, and practitioners and engaged the public health community in activities to inform the changes. The task force also included experts from federal agencies, including CDC, which were instrumental in establishing and supporting the original EPHS framework. Details about the process to update the EPHS can be found on the PHNCI websiteexternal icon, along with accompanying materials.
Essential Public Health Services (Revised, 2020)
The 10 Essential Public Health Services provide a framework for public health to protect and promote the health of all people in all communities. To achieve equity, the Essential Public Health Services actively promote policies, systems, and overall community conditions that enable optimal health for all and seek to remove systemic and structural barriers that have resulted in health inequities. Such barriers include poverty, racism, gender discrimination, ableism, and other forms of oppression. Everyone should have a fair and just opportunity to achieve optimal health and well-being.
- Assess and monitor population health status, factors that influence health, and community needs and assets
- Investigate, diagnose, and address health problems and hazards affecting the population
- Communicate effectively to inform and educate people about health, factors that influence it, and how to improve it
- Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships to improve health
- Create, champion, and implement policies, plans, and laws that impact health
- Utilize legal and regulatory actions designed to improve and protect the public’s health
- Assure an effective system that enables equitable access to the individual services and care needed to be healthy
- Build and support a diverse and skilled public health workforce
- Improve and innovate public health functions through ongoing evaluation, research, and continuous quality improvement
- Build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health
EPHS Launch Event
On September 9, 2020, the de Beaumont Foundation and Public Health National Center for Innovations hosted a virtual launch for the revised 10 Essential Public Health Services. View the complete launch event recording below. Listen to remarks from José T. Montero, MD, MHCDS, Director of CDC’s Center for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Support, at 55:45.