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The central nervous system is made up two components: The Brain and The Spinal Cord.
* The Brian: The brain can be seen as the heart of the central nervous system because this is the place that makes sense of all the information it receives from the senses, makes decisions and sends commands out to muscles and the rest of the body. The brain has many different areas that prepare information that is receive in order to respond properly to the information it gathered. The brain is an important part of the central nervous system because this is the place where cognition and thoughts, including learning memory, and language.
*The Spinal cord: The best description of the spinal cord is it is long. The spinal cord has two important functions in the central nervous system. It is split in to two section: The lighter outer section and the darker inner section. The main reason that it appears this way is because the outer section is composed mainly of myelinated axons and nerves that appear white. However, the inner section is composed mainly of cell bodies of neurons that appear grey. The Main purpose of the outer section is to carry messages from the body up to the brain and from the brain down to the body . It can be considered a pipeline. The inner section is made up of separate cell bodies by glial cells. This section can be considered as a mini brain. The inner section of the spinal cord is responsible for certain reflexs-- very fast, lifesaving reflexs.
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The electroencephalograph (EEG) records electrical activity in the brain. Many states of consciousness, such as wakefulness and stages of sleep, are characterized by particular types of brain waves
In a CT scan, a scanner rotates a device around a person's head and takes a series of X-ray photographs from different angles. Computer programs then combine these images to provide views from any angle. CT scans show different densities of tissue in the brain.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a strong magnetic field to line up the nuclei of specific molecules in the brain tissue. Brief, but powerful, pulses of radio waves cause the nuclei to rotate out of alignment. When a pulse ends, the nuclei snap back in line with the magnetic field and give off a small amount of energy in the process
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a relatively recently developed type of MRI that is used to visualize white matter pathways, which are fiber bundles that connect both nearby and distant brain regions to one another. DTI measures the rate and direction of diffusion or movement of water molecules along white matter pathways.
positron emission tomography (PET), a harmless radioactive substance is injected into a person's bloodstream. Then the brain is scanned by radiation detectors as the person performs perceptual or cognitive tasks, such as reading or speaking. Areas of the brain that are activated during these tasks demand more energy and greater blood flow, resulting in a higher amount of the radioactivity in that region.
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which detects the difference between oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin when exposed to magnetic pulses.