Module 2:
Understanding Children’s Developmental Milestones
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Milestones at 9 Months
- Social/Emotional - Is shy, clingy, or fearful around strangers.
- Language/Communication - Makes different sounds like “mamamama” and “babababa”
- Cognitive - Smiles or laughs when you play peek-a-boo
- Movement/Physical - Gets to a sitting position by herself
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Milestones at 12 Months
- Social/Emotional - Plays games with you, like pat-a-cake
- Language/Communication - Calls a parent “mama” or “dada” or another special name
- Cognitive - Puts something in a container
- Movement/Physical - Pulls up to stand
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Milestones at 18 Months
- Social/Emotional - Moves away from you, but looks to make sure you are close by
- Language/Communication - Tries to say three or more words besides “mama” or “dada”
- Cognitive - Copies you doing chores, like sweeping with a broom
- Movement/Physical - Walks without holding on to anyone or anything; tries to use a spoon
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Milestones at 2 Years
- Social/Emotional - Looks at your face to see how to react in a new situation
- Language/Communication - Says at least two words together, like “More milk.”
- Cognitive - Plays with more than one toy at the same time, like putting toy food on a toy plate
- Movement/Physical - Runs; Eats with a spoon
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Milestones at 3 Years
- Social/Emotional - Notices other children and joins them to play
- Language/Communication - Talks with you in conversation using at least two back-and-forth exchanges
- Cognitive - Draws a circle, when you show him how
- Movement/Physical - Puts on some clothes by himself, like loose pants or a jacket
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Key Points:
- The best way to monitor children’s development is to track their developmental milestones
- Developmental milestones are things most children can do by a certain age
- Developmental milestones offer important clues about a child’s developmental health
- Developmental milestones fall into categories of development called “domains”
Apply What You've Learned
Think of a child you know who is under the age of 5. Think of how that child plays, learns, speaks, acts, and moves. List at least two ways the child has shown milestones reached in each of the developmental domains.
Use the milestone checklists at www.cdc.gov/Milestones or download the Milestone Tracker app to help.
Quiz
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You must pass all module quizzes to receive continuing education credit.
Which of the following holds the view that development takes place in unique stages which happen at specific times or ages?
In contrast, theorists who view development as discontinuous believe that development takes place in unique stages: It occurs at specific times or ages. With this type of development, the change is more sudden, such as an infant's ability to conceive object permanence.
What is life
Our Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development proposes that the individual's attempts to regulate his or her own development is organized in cycles of action around the pursuit of developmental goals (J. Heckhausen, 1999).
What are the 3 types of development that encompass the full view of lifespan development?
They view development as a lifelong process that can be studied scientifically across three developmental domains—physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development.
Who studied children's cognitive development?
Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist and genetic epistemologist. He is most famously known for his theory of cognitive development that looked at how children develop intellectually throughout the course of childhood.