The shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. Expectations for behavior. Show Norms that describe socially acceptable behavior but do not have great moral significance attached to them. Common customs or conventions of daily life. Norms with great moral significance attached to them. Violations of such rules endangers society's well being and stability. Written rules of conduct enacted and enforced by the government. Usually enforce mores essential to social stability. The simplest level of culture. An individual tool, act, or belief that is related to a particular situation or need. What are culture complexes? The combination of individual culture traits to form the next level of culture. A cluster of interrelated traits. What is a culture pattern? The combination of culture complexes to form large levels. The combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole. All the shared products of a human group - material and nonmaterial What is material culture? The physical objects that people create and use. Examples include cars, books, buildings, clothing, computers and cooking utensils. What is nonmaterial culture? Abstract human creations. Examples include beliefs, family patterns, ideas, language, political and economics systems, rules, skills, and work practices. Define the component of culture known as technology. The physical objects and rules for using them within a culture. Define the component of culture known as symbols. Anything that represents something else and has a shared meaning attached to it. Define the component of culture known as language. The organization of written or spoken words into a standardized system. When organized according to rules of grammar words can be used to express an ideas. Can be nonverbal. Define the component of culture known as values. Shared beliefs about waht is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable. The types of these held by a group help determine teh character of the people and the kinds of material and nonmaterial culture they create. Americans as described by Horace Miner in the 1950s. What are culture complexes? The combination of individual culture traits to form the next level of culture. A cluster of interrelated traits. What is a culture pattern? The combination of culture complexes to form large levels. The combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole. All the shared products of a human group - material and nonmaterial What is material culture? The physical objects that people create and use. Examples include cars, books, buildings, clothing, computers and cooking utensils. What is nonmaterial culture? Abstract human creations. Examples include beliefs, family patterns, ideas, language, political and economics systems, rules, skills, and work practices. What is cultural relativism? The belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards rather than by applying the standards of another. What did anthropologist Edward Sapir and linguist Benjamin Whorf propose to be true about language? 1. Language shapes the way people think. 2. People who speak different languages perceive the work in different ways. The tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior. Whatt is cultural discontinuity? When some subgroup members find that the values, beliefs, and practices of the larger culture are at odds with those of the subculture. When a group shares the broad culture but in addition share values, norms, and behaviors not shared by the entire population. Idea developed by Edwin Sutherland in the 1920s. What is a counterculture? A subculture that rejects the major values, norms, and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of cultural patterns. a group of mutually interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and have a feeling of unity. The San way of life is based on cooperation. San groups have their own territories and they take great care no to tresspass on the lands of others. All able members search for food and share it with all group members. Describe the Yanomamo people. The Yanomamo people of South America are farmers who live in small villages along the border between Brazil and Venezuela. Warfare and feats of male strength are important in their way of life. Napolean Chagnon called them the "Fierce People". Who was Napolean Chagnon? An anthropologist that studied the Yanomamo of South America. What are the 5 basic components of a culture? Technology, Symbols, Language, Values and Norms What are cultural universals? General traits that are common to all cultures. the human tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups an anthropologist who in the 1940s compiled a list of cultural univerals an anthropologist whose 1930s study of New Guinea peoples (Arapesh & Mundugumor) examined how culture influences temperament Who were the Arapesh? What were they like? The Arapesh were a gentle, nonaggressive people studied by Margaret Mead in New Guinea. Their society is based on cooperation. Who were the Mundugumor? What were they like? The Mundugmor were an aggressive, competitive, violent group of people studied by Margaret Mead in New Guinea. They once were head hunters. An anthropologist who wrote "Cannibals and King" and studied the religious protection of cattle in India. He tried to practice cultural relativism. Who was Edwin Sutherland? He was a criminologist that developed the idea of subcultures in the 1920s. How do folkways, mores, and laws differ? Folkways are acceptable behaviors will little moral significance. Mores are acceptable behaviors with great moral significance. Laws are written rules of conduct. Are shared rules of conduct of how people act in specific situation?Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups. Social norms can both be informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society, as well as be codified into rules and laws.
What is the term for rules that define behavior?Norms are a fundamental concept in the social sciences. They are most commonly defined as rules or expectations that are socially enforced. Norms may be prescriptive (encouraging positive behavior; for example, “be honest”) or proscriptive (discouraging negative behavior; for example, “do not cheat”).
What are socially defined rules of behavior?Social norms are the unwritten rules of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that are considered acceptable in a particular social group or culture. Norms provide us with an expected idea of how to behave, and function to provide order and predictability in society.
Which is the process by which norms and rules become a natural part of an individuals personality?Internalization is the process by which a norm becomes a part of an individual's personality, thus conditioning that individual to conform to society's expectations.
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Are shared rules of conduct that tell people how what to act in specific situations?
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