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Terms in this set (80)Capitalism as expressed by Adam Smith argued that consumption was an important part of a healthy economy argued in favor of isolation argued against exporting goods argued in favor of imposing high tariffs and customs duties to protect home products argued that consumption was an important part of a healthy economy Why did urban populations expand during the Industrial Revolution? to ease the government's welfare system for health reasons--cities were healthier than rural areas factories encouraged people to live close together. urban populations grew only in nations where Romance languages were spoken. factories encouraged people to live close together. Why was the idea of German nationalism so radical in the 19th century? because the Germanic kingdoms were so numerous and because loyalty was not given to an imagined entity like a state, but to a flesh-and-blood person, a king. because the post-Napoleonic War Council declared German unification because they all believed themselves to be European and not part of a separate country because there was no precedent for the idea of nationalism before the Germans developed it because the Germanic kingdoms were so numerous and because loyalty was not given to an imagined entity like a state, but to a flesh-and-blood person, a king. Industrialization's second stage made it less effective or cheap to dye wool included the discovery of iron and cotton caused governments to question their national identities included advancements in chemicals, steel usage, petroleum, and communication. included advancements in chemicals, steel usage, petroleum, and communication. Nationalism traced its origins to Louis XIV of France China the liberal political revolutions of the nineteenth century the Roman Empire the liberal political revolutions of the nineteenth century The contributions of Bessemer, Siemens-Martin, and Carnegie to the creation of steel demonstrate ways to make steel more expensive the multinational nature of industrial development that scientists were entirely isolated from others' discoveries that if you mixed nickel with silver, you could make steel the multinational nature of industrial development The first stage of industrialization is characterized by the development of petroleum and the creation of thermodynamics the rejection of industrial technologies and the decline of mechanization the development of steel and the creation of horse-drawn carriages growth of textile production and the use of coal growth of textile production and the use of coal Why were European identities unclear in the 19th century? China annexed Europe and everyone became Chinese Europeans all spoke the same language language boundaries and political borders were not the same as they had been in the past Everyone believed themselves to be German language boundaries and political borders were not the same as they had been in the past
Steel made farming more difficult more prevalent in Europe less efficient easier easier Capitalism was supported by the some people in lower classes because it promised them liberation from rural life it promised to make merchants and owners wealthier it made them the wealthiest class in Europe it required the redistribution of wealth it promised them liberation from rural life The importance of children's labor increased during the Industrial Revolution for all the following reasons EXCEPT the factories paid them wages thus making them an important source of income for families their fingers could untangle knots adults' fingers could not children were small and could manipulate machines more easily than an adult their labor was never regulated in the 19th or 20th century their labor was never regulated in the 19th or 20th century The critiques of industrialization from workers employed in the woolen spinning industry included all of the following EXCEPT machines made their lives better factory work made women better at domestic skills spinners could no longer work when they were old working in the factory exposed women and girls to dangers machines made their lives better Quinine revolutionized medicine because it killed as many people as it helped and was the first widespread medical disaster. it led to prohibition of alcohol sales it meant that British officials could live in tropical areas it forced European officials to rethink their attitudes toward the consumption of alcohol it meant that British officials could live in tropical areas The ideals behind Industrialization include all EXCEPT individualism mercantilism capitalism efficiency mercantilism Owen's town of New Lanark was focused on making more efficient workers was designed around the idea that workers needed to live in the factory reflected the ideas of Karl Marx was focused on making workers less effective was focused on making more efficient workers What does this picture that you can find via an embedded link in your D2L content illustrate about industrialization in England? This image is a map with blue lines throughout. It shows an important element of the transportation revolution in England county districts coal mines railroad networks canals and rivers canals and rivers The telegraph required a telephone to work properly facilitated communication over long distances transmitted messages via carrier pigeon created the Internet facilitated communication over long distances
Critiques of industrialization included the notion that machines made workers' lives better. factory managers paid workers well. machines were less efficient than they had been before industrialization. machines took workers' jobs. machines took workers' jobs In the early years, factory work was characterized by Labor legislation that helped workers maintain their health and family Long hours, no breaks, and no food endless health inspections A ban on employing people under the age of 18 Long hours, no breaks, and no food The germ-theory of disease replaced the idea that sickness was caused by bad air rich people bodily humors slaves bad air
Biological determinism suggested that eliminated Enlightenment ideas from the intellectual discussions of the day explained that if two humans mated, they would produce a human contributed to the growth of pro-monarchical feeling social and moral attitudes were linked genetically and inherited social and moral attitudes were linked genetically and inherited Imperial motivations in the 19th century differed from earlier centuries in that they wanted to spread freedom and independence through the colonies Europeans industrialized the areas they colonized and empowered those economies to compete with their home governments in Europe in the 19th century, the idea was to sell manufactured goods back to the colonies rather than keeping them in Europe they were only looking for manufactured goods and were not interested in raw materials in the 19th century, the idea was to sell manufactured goods back to the colonies rather than keeping them in Europe South Africa was a strange in terms of nineteenth century imperialism because the British took it from the French from the United States From the Vereeniging from both the Dutch colonists and indigenous inhabitants from both the Dutch colonists and indigenous inhabitants The French motivation for gaining colonies resulted from their success in the Napoleonic Wars their desire to dilute their own culture by becoming the first truly multicultural country on Earth their desire to quell unrest in France their strong belief in following the American example in the Philippines their desire to quell unrest in France The Scramble for Africa changed Africa because European countries scrambled to take colonies African countries scrambled for independence China scrambled to inhabit East Africa The African kingdoms scrambled to learn European science European countries scrambled to take colonies In the Belgian Congo, Belgian rule was characterized by desire to civilize and educate the population in modern agricultural techniques the desire of Belgium to empower local independence movements respect for the local population the awarding of land to indigenous families desire to civilize and educate the population in modern agricultural techniques Nationalism and imperialism are linked because these identities require others to identify against all nations form colonies the same Enlightenment intellectual published papers coining the term no empires were involved these identities require others to identify against The superiority exhibited by the Qing emperor and 19th century European imperialists differed in that the Qing adopted European Enlightenment philosophies early on and thus felt superior Europeans believed that non-Europeans could be civilized according to the European model Europeans assimilated Chinese ideals when developing the Enlightenment the Europeans did not think it possible to civilize non-Europeans into European Enlightenment thought Europeans believed that non-Europeans could be civilized according to the European model Industrialization was stalled in the Ottoman Empire because The Ottoman government was too busy winning wars to invest in industrialization The Ottoman government did not believe it needed to industrialize The British government toppled the Ottoman Empire and annexed Egypt The Ottoman government signed a treaty with Britain that eliminated tariffs on British goods and flooded the market with cheap textiles The Ottoman government signed a treaty with Britain that eliminated tariffs on British goods and flooded the market with cheap textiles According to Ruskin, England must do what? emancipate slaves re-take the United States eliminate the navy seize colonies seize colonies Arndt's poem and German nationalism more broadly expressed the revolutionary idea that Germans could remain in scattered kingdoms because their German-ness did not require them to reside in a single state law could make any person living within the boundaries of Germany into a German; it was not a birth right. affinity for king was less important than affinity for your fellow Germans Germans and Frenchmen were all Europeans and equal affinity for king was less important than affinity for your fellow Germans
The Chinese Opium Wars affected Japan in what way? It made the Tokugawa government consider invading Europe It caused the Tokugawa government to ally with the British to take control of Korea It made the Tokugawa government realize that foreign governments could destabilize their own It made the Tokugawa government dictate terms to Matthew Perry when he arrived It made the Tokugawa government realize that foreign governments could destabilize their own John Green's definition of a nation-state requires all of the following EXCEPT murder territory centralized government linguistic connection murder The Meiji Restoration is a period when ALL EXCEPT _______ happened. The Shoguns modernized the country The Japanese government was overthrown national identity was created Japan began to modernize The Shoguns modernized the country Unlike Galton who relied on head-size to determine intelligence, Binet based his arguments about intelligence on foot size hand size social class education social class US industrialization aided the loss of territory to England its expansion the US takeover of Canada its reliance on foreign powers for financing its expansion The Monroe Doctrine enabled the US to invade Latin America in 1830 Required that Spain re-take its colonies in Mexico and South America Eliminated all European interests in the Caribbean asserted US ability to protect Latin American countries' independence asserted US ability to protect Latin American countries' independence Galton argued that intelligence could be developed with proper education was innate and God given was inherited and linked to the size and shape of a human's skull. was impossible to measure was inherited and linked to the size and shape of a human's skull. Russia's Great Reforms included the abolition of serfdom the reinstatement of slavery the elimination of the nobility the end of noble landholders in Russia the abolition of serfdom How did ideas of imperial/state superiority change in the 19th century? it incited peasant revolts throughout Europe it empowered subject countries to rise up and fight against European imperialism it eliminated contact between Europe and what they considered inferior populations it enhanced European governments' senses of superiority it enhanced European governments' senses of superiority What role did diseases play in the Great War? Diseases were spread by the use of airborne bombing Germany and France surrendered after they lost the majority of their soldiers Many soldiers wanted to end the war quickly Diseases like influenza killed more people than the war itself Diseases like influenza killed more people than the war itself The Great Depression of 1929 was A crash in the U.S. Stock Market which affected many countries across the globe. A great time when American loans spread to Germany Increasing revenue to investors as a result of the growing economy. The unemployment in the U.S. automobile industry A crash in the U.S. Stock Market which affected many countries across the globe. The Schlieffen Plan basically required that In order for Germany to avoid war on two fronts it should enter into an alliance Britain and the U.S. should be defeated by overwhelming German force before they could enter into the fray France and Russia should invade Germany Germany should overpower France quickly enough before Russia could enter the war Germany should overpower France quickly enough before Russia could enter the war What was the New Deal? The collectivization of farms and businesses in the United States in an effort to increase prosperity. U.S. policy that helped veterans returning from World War I find work and get established. A collection of reforms intended to restart economic growth in the Depression-era United States. U.S. policy of guaranteed loans to European states to help them out of the Great Depression. A collection of reforms intended to restart economic growth in the Depression-era United States. During the Cold War, the first country to send a man into space was China the United States the Soviet Union Great Britain the Soviet Union What was the immediate cause of U.S. involvement in World War I? Many Americans wanted to fight in the war The Zimmerman Telegram Woodrow Wilson's reelection German bombing of the Lusitania which killed many Americans. The Zimmerman Telegram The Japanese invasion of China in 1931 and 1937 respectively provoked The League of Nations to invade Japan as an aggressor. An alliance between Japan, Germany and the U.S. Stalin to recognize Japan as communist. None of the other statements are true. None of the other statements are true. Which statement best describes the United States' role in World War I? The United States entered the war late, but played an important role in the defeat of Germany. The United States remained neutral during World War I. The United States played a major role in the war from the beginning. The United States entered the war early, but only played a minor role. The United States entered the war late, but played an important role in the defeat of Germany. The American economy in the period after World War I experienced Continued production of goods which were in demand in war ravaged Europe. Expanded to serve new markets South America. Decline because German economy picked up Significant decline because of fighting in Europe Continued production of goods which were in demand in war ravaged Europe. World War I caused the destruction of kingdoms and empires, the introduction of chemical weapons, airborne bombing, and tanks. Which of the following groups were brought into the workforce of many the belligerent countries for the first time? lawyers women police forces tsars women Match the following countries to their appropriate alliance systems or allies: Triple Entente: France, Great Britain and Sweden Triple Alliance: Italy, Germany and Spain Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire Central Powers: Germany, Serbia, Cameroon Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire In which of the following countries did the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) orchestrate coups to remove a democratically elected government? Iran South Korea East Germany Thailand Iran Which of these statements is true of fascism in Germany but not in Italy? Its members hated communism. It became a single-party dictatorship. It advocated the use of violence as a political tool. Its members claimed racial superiority and made a policy of persecuting minorities. Its members claimed racial superiority and made a policy of persecuting minorities. The Iron Curtain ended with the fall of the Warsaw Wall in 1980. Was an expression used to describe the curtain which divided Joseph Stalin and Franklin Roosevelt. Described the division of Europe into the Communist East and Capitalist West. Became a common antibiotic which was used to treat the outbreak of influenza during the war.
Described the division of Europe into the Communist East and Capitalist West. Which German colony was taken over and partitioned between the English and French as a result of World War I? Central African Republic Bosnia Nigeria Kamerun Kamerun In the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russia lost control of some of its territories to ________. Bolsheviks Communists Reds None of the other answer choices are correct. None of the other answer choices are correct. Which of the following was an effect of the Great Depression in the United States? Massive unemployment and economic distress. Rapid spread of socialism in the United States, as impoverished workers sought relief in the teachings of Karl Marx. Large-scale starvation, especially among unemployed urban workers. Large-scale emigration from the United States for the first time, as unemployed people desperately sought economic opportunities elsewhere. Massive unemployment and economic distress. What was the United States' policy toward the Soviet Union during the Cold War? Fascism Containment Capitalism universal friendship Containment The ____________________ divided North Korea from the South. Pyongyang Wall 38th Parallel Iron Curtain 17th Parallel 38th Parallel The government established in Germany immediately after World War I was known as Vichy Government. Triple Alliance. Third Reich. Weimar Republic. Weimer Republic Participating nations set standards to reduce their impact on the environment by reducing their greenhouse emissions in the Prague Accords. Kyoto Protocol. Rotterdam Agreements. Warsaw Conference. Kyoto Protocol. Zwarte Piet is a highly controversial tradition in which country? Spain the Netherlands Germany Italy the Netherlands China was not carved up the way Africa had been at the Berlin Conference of 1884 because The Open Door policy was intended to keep China available to all foreign powers. The Chinese were superior to the Africans. The Opium Wars prevented China from being broken up. Mao Zedong successfully resisted foreign intrusion. The Open Door policy was intended to keep China available to all foreign powers. In the Battle of Isandlwana, the Dutch and the British adopted a new strategy which they used to defeat the Zulus. The British defeated the Zulus and gained control of the land. the British suffered a defeat at the hands of the Zulu forces. the United States intervened to end apartheid. the British suffered a defeat at the hands of the Zulu forces. How did the Allied defeat of Nazi Germany discredit the idea of "empire"? The defeat of the German imperialist ideal to conquer and control Europe meant that Europeans could no longer justify their own imperialism. The German imperialist ideal to conquer and control Europe was defeated so the Europeans could now justify their subjugation of other people. President Woodrow Wilson was opposed to German invasion of Poland in 1939. The Africans and Asians who fought alongside the Europeans did not want independence. The defeat of the German imperialist ideal to conquer and control Europe meant that Europeans could no longer justify their own imperialism. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) policy was created to grant work authorization and other benefits to people who arrived in the United States as minors. facilitate the globalization of capital. meet the demands of international banking. grant illegal immigrants the right to become citizens. grant work authorization and other benefits to people who arrived in the United States as minors. The first democratically elected president of South Africa was F. W. de Klerk. Nelson Mandela. Thabo Mbeki. Julius Nyerere. Nelson Mandela. These people settled in South Africa and adopted this name, which means White Africans. Indian Afrikaner Bantu Hmong Afrikaner Which event precipitated the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the division of its territories among the British and the French? The defeat of Japan World War II The Russo-Turkish War World War I World War I This Asian country had been influenced by and borrowed from Chinese civilization for many centuries, but was the major colonial power in China during much of the 1930s and 1940s. Mongolia Thailand Korea Japan Japan After World War II, in what ways did the world leaders correct the problems that were caused by the Great Depression? They held meetings in Asia and Europe. The United States withdrew from Spain. Japan's economy was not allowed to expand. The World Bank and International Monetary Fund were established. The World Bank and International Monetary Fund were established. What does the word apartheid mean? A system in which Muslims are separated from Christians. The separation of races in South Africa. The rise of the Klu Klux Klan. The implementation of Jim Crow laws in the American South. The separation of races in South Africa. How was the decolonization of the United States different from the subsequent decolonization in Africa and Asia? The race of the people who fought for independence in North America was different from those in Asia and Africa. The U.S. was never colonized and so this does not apply. There was no difference, they all fought off the imperialist British. Germany and France surrendered after they lost the majority of their soldiers. The race of the people who fought for independence in North America was different from those in Asia and Africa. Match the following countries to their appropriate colonial powers: Vietnam, China, Thailand - Spain Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia - Sweden Cameroon, Egypt, Palestine - Belgium India, Zimbabwe, Kenya - Britain India, Zimbabwe, Kenya - Britain This event marked the end of the Cold War in 1991. The defeat of Hitler. The collapse of the Soviet Union. The collapse of the Israeli-Palestinian Wall. The death of Pope John Paul II. The collapse of the Soviet Union. _______________ was a derogatory term used by the British colonial officers to describe Indian people as uncivilized? Babus Baboon Sudra Pariah Babus The Rwandan genocide involved these ethnic groups. Bantu and Batwa Igbo and Yoruba Hutus and Tutsis Herero and Namaqua Hutus and Tutsis The Black Consciousness movement in South Africa advocated all of the following policies except the return of all South African whites to Europe. racial solidarity. women's involvement in the movement. black pride. the return of all South African whites to Europe. Fundamentalism was first used in the U.S. to describe which group of people? Rednecks. Communists. Addicts. Christians who rejected Darwinism and believed the bible was the proper authority. Christians who rejected Darwinism and believed the bible was the proper authority. Which of these factors was not an influence on the collapse of European empires in Asia and Africa? The French Revolution undercut the argument in favor of empire. The cost of two world wars made maintaining an empire too expensive. Women in Europe wanted their countries to abandon their empires. Fighting to defeat German superiority. Women in Europe wanted their countries to abandon their empires. 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