Is a psychological force that determines the direction of a persons behavior in an organization?

Chapter 13: Motivation and PerformanceLeading is an important managerial activity b/c it entails ensuring each member of organization achieve its goalsWhen managers are effective, outcome of leading process is highly motivated workforceKey challenge for managers is to encourage employees to perform at high levelI.The Nature of Motivation (Figure 13.1 p 408)A.Motivation– psychological forces that determine direction of person’s behavior in an organization, person’s level of effort, and person’s level of persistence1.Central to management b/c it explains whypeople behave way they do in organizations2.Direction of person’s behavior– many possible behaviors person could engage in3.Effort– how hard people work4.Persistence– whether, when faced with roadblocks and obstacles, people keep trying or give upB.Intrinsically motivated behavior– behavior that is performed for its own sake1.Source of motivation is actually performing behavior, and motivation comes from doing work itselfC.Extrinsically motivated behavior– behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or toavoid punishment1.Source of motivation is consequences of behavior, not behavior itselfD.People can be intrinsically motivated, extrinsically motivated or both1.Depends on variety of factors 1) workers’ own personal characteristics 2) nature of their jobs and 3) nature of organizationE.Prosocially motivated behavior– behavior that is performed to benefit or help othersF.Outcome– anything person gets from job or organization1.i.e. of intrinsically motivated behavior outcomes: autonomy, responsibility, feeling of accomplishment, pleasure of doing interesting or enjoyable work2.i.e. of prosocially motivated behavior outcomes: improving lives or well-being of other people and doing good by helping others3.i.e. of extrinsically motivated behavior outcomes: pay, job security, benefits, vacation timeG.Input– anything person contributes to his or her job or organization1.Managers strive motivate members of organization to contribute inputs – through their behavior, effort, and persistence – that help organization achieve its goalsa.Accomplished by ensuring members of organization obtain outcomes desired when they make valuable contributions to organization2.Managers use outcomes to motivate people to contribute their inputs to organizationa.Giving people outcomes when they contribute inputs and perform well aligns interests of employees with goals of organization as whole b/c when employees do what is good for organization, they personally benefitII.Expectancy Theory (figure 13.2 p 409, figure 13.3 p 412)A.Expectancy theory– theory that motivation will be high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to attainment of desired outcomes 1.One of the most popular theories of work motivation b/c it focuses on all three parts of motivation equation: inputs, performance, and outcomes2.

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Flashcards for Management 300 Ch 13 special edition book for Ball State

Is a psychological force that determines the direction of a person's behavior in an organization?

What term relates to psychological forces that determine the direction?

What is the force that activates and directs behavior?

What is valence motivation theory?