Phenomenon of explaining other people's behaviors are due to internal factors and our own behaviors are due to situational forces Show
Prejudice and discrimination toward individuals based solely on their age Seeking to cause harm or pain to another person Humans' desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits of helping Group majority influences an individual's judgement, even when that judgement is inaccurate Evaluations of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative Explanation for the behavior of other people a person, often an adolescent, being treated negatively repeatedly and other time Situation in which a witness or bystander foes not volunteer to help a victim or person in distress Logic-driven arguments using data and facts to convince people of an argument's worthiness Psychological discomfort that arise from a conflict in a person's behaviors, attitudes, beliefs that run counter to one's positive self-perception Culture that focuses on communal relationships with others such as family, friends, and community Types of love consisting of intimacy and commitment, but not passion; associated with close friendships and family relationships Person who works for a researcher and is aware of the experiment, but who acts as a participant; used to manipulate social situations as part of the research design Seeking out information that supports or stereotypes while ignoring information that is inconsistent with our stereotypes When individuals change their behavior to go along with the group even if they do not agree with the group Type of love occurring when intimacy, commitment, and passion are all present Repeated behavior that is intended to cause psychological or emotional harm to another person and that takes place online Diffusion of Responsibility Tendency for no one in a group to help because the responsibility to help is spread throughout the group Negative actions toward individuals as a result of their membership in a particular Describes a perspective common to personality psychologists, which asserts that our behavior is determined by internal factors, such as personality traits and temperament Capacity to understand another person's perspective--to feel what he or she feels Foot-in-the-door Technique Persuasion of one person by another person, encouraging a person to agree to a small favor, or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a large item Fundamental Attribution Error Tendency to overemphasize internal factor and attributions for behavior and underestimate the power of the situation Strengthening of the original group attitude after discussing views views within a group Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is group consensus Tendency for people to form social networks, including friendships, marriage, business relationships, and many other types of relationships, with others who are similar Prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their sexual orientation Aggression motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain Group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to Preference for our own group over other groups Culture that focuses on individual achievement and autonomy Informational Social Influence Conformity to a group norm promoted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct information Aggression motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain Internal attribute of a person, such as personality traits or temperament Ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve Normative Social Influence Conformity to a group norm to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by the group Change of behavior to please an authority figure or to avoid aversive consequences Group that we do not belong to--one that we view as fundamentally different from us Peripheral Route Persuasion One person persuades another person; an indirect route that relies on association of peripheral cues (such as positive emotions and celebrity endorsement) to associate positivity with a message Process of changing our attitude toward something based on some form of communication Negative attitudes and feelings toward individuals based solely on their membership in a particular group Prejudice and discrimination toward individuals based solely on their race Give and take in relationships Type of love consisting of intimacy and passion, but not commitment Act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal Person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting Sharing personal information in relationships Treating stereotypes group members according to our biased expectations only to have this treatment influence the individual to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming out stereotypic beliefs Tendency for individuals to take credit by making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes and situational or external attributions for negative outcomes Prejudice and discrimination towards individuals based on their sex Describes a perspective that behavior and actions are determined by the immediate environment and surroundings; a view promoted by social psychologists Humans act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship, with the goal to maximize benefits and minimize costs Improved performance when an audience is watching versus when the individual performs the behavior alone Exertion of less effort by a person working in a group because individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group, thus causing performance decline on easy tasks Group's expectations regarding what is appropriate and acceptable for the thoughts and behavior of its members Field of psychology that examines how people impact or affect each other, with particular focus on the power of the situation Socially defined pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group Stanford Prison Experiment Stanford University conducted an experiment in a mock prison that demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and script Negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group, regardless of their individual characteristics Triangular Theory of Love Model of love based on three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment; several types of love exist, depending on the presence or absence of each of these components As a field, social psychology focuses on ___________ in predicting human behavior. Making internal attributions for your successes and making external attributions for your failures is an example of ___________________. Situational; dispositional Collectivistic cultures are to ________ as individualistic cultures are to ____________. Influences on our own behavior According to the actor-observer bias, we have more information about ____________________. A(n) ___________ is a set of group expectations for appropriate thoughts and behaviors of its members. On his first day of soccer practice, Jose suits up in a t-shirt, shorts, and cleats and runs out to the field to join his teammates. Jose's behavior is reflective of ___________________. When it comes to buying clothes, teenagers often follow social norms; this is likely motivated by _________________. In the Stanford Prison experiment, even the lead researcher succumbed to his role as a prison supervisor. This is an example of the power of _________________ influencing behavior.
Attitudes describe our ________ of people, objects, and ideas. Cognitive dissonance causes discomfort because it disrupts our sense of __________________________. In order for the central route to persuasion to be effective, the audience must be _____________ and _________________. Factual information Examples would be:
Examples of cues used in peripheral route persuasion include all of the following except _______________. In the Asch experiment, participants conformed due to _______________ social influence. When the answer is unclear and when the group has expertise Under what conditions will informational social influence be more likely? Individual performance cannot be evaluated and the task is easy Social loafing occurs when _____________. If group members modify their opinions to align with a perceived group consensus, then ________________ has occured. Prejudice is to ______________ as discrimination is to ___________________. Individualism
Wat if the following is not a type of prejudice? __________ occurs when the out-group is blamed for the in-group's frustration. When we seek out information that supports our stereotypes we are engaging in ________________. Physical harm; emotional harm Typically, bullying from boys is to ___________ as bullying from girls is to _____________. Captain of the football team Examples of bullying:
Which of the following adolescents is least likely to be targeted for bullying? Diffusion of Responsibility The bystander effect likely occurs due to ________________. Selfless helping of others Altruism is a form of prosocial behavior that is motivated by ______________. After moving to a new apartment building, research suggest that Sam will be most likely to become friends with _____________________________. What trait do both men and women tend to look for in a romantic partner? According to the triangular theory of love, what type of love is defined by passion and intimacy but no commitment? According to social exchange theory, humans want to maximize the ______________ and minimize the _________________ in relationships. In what type of culture is the focus on communal relationships with others such as family friends and community?In contrast, people from a collectivistic culture, that is, a culture that focuses on communal relationships with others, such as family, friends, and community (Figure), are less likely to commit the fundamental attribution error (Markus & Kitayama, 1991; Triandis, 2001).
What effect focuses on the influence of the group majority?The Asch effect is the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.
Which of the following is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings?Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
What is a socially defined pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group?A social role is a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group (Hare, 2003). Each one of us has several social roles.
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What is a culture that focuses on communal relationships with others such as family friends and community?
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