1 Show 1) The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during "rest and digest." A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) thoracolumbar D) visceral E) somatomotor 2 2) The sympathetic division of the ANS is also known as which of the following? A) somatic division B) craniosacral division C) resting division D) thoracolumbar division E) lumbosacral division D) thoracolumbar division 3 3) Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and then synapse on A) postganglionic fibers. B) visceral reflex responses. C) motor neurons. D) ganglionic neurons. E) afferent neurons 4 4) Which statement is true regarding the somatic nervous system as compared to the autonomic nervous system?
A) Both divisions carry outgoing motor information 5 5) Preganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located in
D) both the brain and the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord 6 6) Ganglionic neurons innervate such things as
E) All of the answers are correct 7 7) The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state?
8 8) A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron.
9 9) Craniosacral division is another name for the
B) parasympathetic division of the ANS 10 10) Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are ________ and have ________ axons.
11 11) In the sympathetic nervous system, where are the preganglionic neurons located?
D) thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord 12 12) In what ways do the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system interact?
E) All of the answers are correct 13 13) Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the
C) lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord 14 14) Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.
15 15) Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic region are called ________ ganglia.
16 16) Injury to the neurons of a collateral ganglion would affect the function of the
17 17) Damage to the ventral roots of the first five thoracic spinal nerves on the right side of the body would interfere with the ability to
A) dilate the right pupil 18 18) Postganglionic axons usually are
19 19) Stimulation of the neurons in the celiac ganglion would lead to
C) conversion of liver glycogen reserves into glucose 20 20) Injury to the cervical sympathetic ganglia would affect the function of the
E) All of the answers are correct 21 21) Collateral ganglia contain neurons that innervate tissues and organs in which cavity?
22 22) Sympathetic nerves
C) contains short preganglionic fibers and longer postganglionic fibers 23 23) Preganglionic fibers that innervate the collateral ganglia form the
24 24) The celiac ganglia innervate which of the following?
E) All of the answers are correct E) All of the answers are correct 25 25) The suprarenal medullae secrete
E) both epinephrine and norepinephrine 26 26) During sympathetic activation, ________ occurs.
E) All of the answers are correct 27 27) Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the
28 28) Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within
C) sympathetic chain ganglia 29 29) Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers except
30 30) Splanchnic nerves
B) innervate the viscera or internal organs 31 31) Autonomic disorders would not cause
E) problems related to skeletal muscle function 32 32) The celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric ganglia are collectively called ________ ganglia.
33 33) As the result of an accident, the white rami of spinal nerves T1 and T2 on the left side of Brad's body are severed. What organ(s) would you expect to be affected by this injury?
34 34) A person is confronted by a dangerous dog. His heart begins to race and beat strongly, his pupils dilate, and his hairs stand up. These signs are the result of
D) the "fight or flight" response 35 40) Tom suffers from hypertension (high blood pressure). Which of the following might help deal with his problem?
E) a drug that blocks alpha-1 receptors in smooth muscle and blocks beta receptors in cardiac muscle tissue 36 41) Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?
D) decreased blood pressure 37 42) Drugs known as beta-blockers may be useful for treating
38 43) Postganglionic sympathetic axons can release the neurotransmitter ________ at their effector junctions.
E) All of the answers are correct 39 44) Stimulation of the beta receptors on heart muscle cells results in
B) increased heart rate and force of contraction 40 45) The neurotransmitter ACH is
A) always excitatory when used in the synapses of the sympathetic nervous system 41 46) Which of the following statements is true? The stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors can lead to
42 47) An inhaler used to treat airway constriction in asthma or allergy might contain a drug that
B) activates β2 adrenergic receptors 43 48) Which of the following statements about adrenergic receptors is true?
E) All of the answers are correct 44 49) Most sympathetic effector junctions release norepinephrine but a significant number release acetylcholine instead. Which of these is an example of an organ of the cholinergic type?
45 50) A certain drug decreases heart rate by blocking a receptor on cardiac pacemaker cells. This drug probably binds to ________ receptors.
46 51) Drugs that stimulate alpha receptors, causing constriction of peripheral vessels, are
47 52) Sympathomimetic drugs might be used to
48 53) Disorders involving the vagus nerve might cause
A) food to remain in your stomach longer 49 54) The statement "It initiates contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle" is
A) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system 50 55) Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons are present in all of the following cranial nerves except
51 56) Almost 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the ________ nerve(s).
52 57) Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion?
53 58) Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except
C) dilation of the airways 54 59) Postganglionic fibers release neurotransmitter on peripheral effectors
B) at pearl-like swellings called varicosities 55 60) Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false?
C) Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long 56 61) Which of the following provides preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to structures in the neck and in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? A) vagus nerves B) sciatic nerves C) glossopharyngeal nerves D) pelvic nerves E) cervicothoracocabdominopelvic nerves 57 62) Parasympathetic stimulation A) increases heart rate. B) increases gastric motility. C) causes sweat glands to secrete. D) causes blood vessels in the skin to dilate. E) causes the pupils to dilate. B) increases gastric motility 58 63) Intramural ganglia in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs are innervated by the ________ nerves. A) spinal B) splanchnic C) chain D) pelvic E) collateral 59 64) Damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve would likely cause A) increase in heart rate. B) problems in sexual arousal. C) a reduction in saliva. D) visual problems. E) urine retention 60 65) The statement "Its postganglionic axons always use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter" is A) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. B) true only for the sympathetic nervous system. C) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. E) true only for the somatic nervous system A) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system 61 66) Sweat glands contain ________ receptors. A) nicotinic cholinergic B) muscarinic cholinergic C) alpha D) beta E) adregeneric B) muscarinic cholinergic 62 67) Nicotinic receptors A) respond to epinephrine. B) respond to norepinephrine. C) open chemically-gated sodium ion channels. D) can be either excitatory or inhibitory in function. E) are found at synaptic junctions of the sympathetic nervous system C) open chemically-gated sodium ion channels. 63 68) Muscarinic receptors A) are normally activated by acetylcholine. B) are found mostly in autonomic ganglia. C) always produce an excitatory response. D) control sodium channels in the affected membrane. E) are blocked by norepinephrine A) are normally activated by acetylcholine 64 69) The statement "Preganglionic axon terminals release acetylcholine" is A) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. B) true only for the sympathetic nervous system. C) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. E) true only for the somatic nervous system C) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems 65 70) A neuron with nicotinic receptors is exposed to acetylcholine. This will lead to A) activation of chemically-gated ion channels. B) excitation of the neuron. C) entry of sodium ions into the neuron. D) depolarization of the neuron. E) All of the answers are correct. E) All of the answers are correct. 66 71) Drugs that block nicotinic receptors would be A) sympathomimetic. B) parasympathomimetic. C) parasympathetic blocking agents. D) sympathetic blocking agents. E) autonomic blocking agents E) autonomic blocking agents 67 72) Parasympathetic blocking agents can be useful in treating A) heart failure. B) high blood pressure. C) urinary incontinence. D) hyperactivity. E) All of the answers are correct 68 73) A doctor places drops in the eyes to dilate the pupils for an examination. The type of drug that is used is a(n) ________ drug.
A) 1, 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 1, 3 E) 2, 4 69 74) Mary accidentally ate poison mushrooms that contain muscarine. What symptoms would you expect to observe? A) diarrhea B) salivation C) very low heart rate D) sweating E) All of the answers are correct E) All of the answers are correct 70 75) Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving A) two nerves from the spinal cord. B) both autonomic and somatomotor nerves. C) both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. D) nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord. E) both sensory and motor nerves C) both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation 71 76) The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is A) true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. B) true only for the sympathetic nervous system. C) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. E) true only for the somatic nervous system. C) true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems 72 77) Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that innervate the heart pass through the A) celiac plexus. B) hypogastric plexus. C) cardiac plexus. D) sphenopalatine ganglia. E) otic ganglia 73 78) Control of the diameter of the respiratory passages depends upon A) sympathetic stimulation only. B) parasympathetic stimulation only. C) somatomotor stimulation only. D) both parasympathetic and sympathetic levels of stimulation. E) sensory receptors sensitive to changes in lung ventilation D) both parasympathetic and sympathetic levels of stimulation 74 79) Autonomic tone is an important aspect of ANS function because it A) allows ANS neurons to be silent under normal conditions. B) allows ANS neurons to increase activity on demand but not decrease their activity. C) allows ANS neurons to decrease their activity on demand but not increase their activity. D) allows ANS neurons to increase or decrease their activity, providing a range of control options. E) provides for a narrow range of control options that keeps target tissues constantly active D) allows ANS neurons to increase or decrease their activity, providing a range of control options 75 80) A decrease in the autonomic tone of the smooth muscle in a blood vessel would result in A) no change in vessel diameter. B) a decrease in vessel diameter. C) oscillation in vessel diameter. D) a decrease in blood flow through the vessel. E) an increase in blood flow through the vessel E) an increase in blood flow through the vessel 76 81) In general, autonomic tone of peripheral blood vessels increases when A) sympathetic stimulation is increased. B) sympathetic stimulation is decreased. C) parasympathetic stimulation is increased. D) parasympathetic stimulation is decreased. E) somatomotor stimulation is increased A) sympathetic stimulation is increased. 77 82) Which of the following is an example of a visceral reflex? A) defecation reflex B) vomiting reflex C) pupillary reflex D) ejaculation in response to tactile stimuli E) All of the answers are correct E) All of the answers are correct 78 83) Which of the following visceral reflexes is not coordinated by the medulla oblongata? A) swallowing reflex B) vasomotor reflex C) coughing reflex D) cardioacceleratory reflex E) pupillary reflex 79 84) Which of the following would be an example of higher-level control of autonomic function? A) gagging on food that does not appeal to you B) a violent coughing attack in response to an irritant C) increased heart rate when you see a person you fear D) dilation of the pupils when you enter a dark room E) increased salivation when you smell food that appeals to you C) increased heart rate when you see a person you fear 80 1) The parasympathetic division is also called the ________ division. A) thoracolumbar B) craniosacral C) thoracocranial D) craniolumbar E) craniococcygeal 81 2) The saying "rest and digest" is the response of the ________ division of the ANS. A) sympathetic B) thoracolumbar C) craniococcygeal D) sciatic E) parasympathetic 82 3) The sympathetic division is also called the ________ division. A) thoracolumbar B) craniosacral C) thoracocranial D) craniolumbar E) craniococcygeal 83 4) The ganglia located lateral to the vertebral column are part of the sympathetic A) chain. B) tract. C) decussation. D) tubes. E) canal. 84 5) Unpaired sympathetic ganglia are called ________ ganglia. A) contralateral B) collateral C) parasympathetic D) ipsilateral E) dorsal 85 6) The ________ nervous system stimulates the arrector pili muscles and gives you "goosebumps." A) parasympathetic B) afferent C) dorsal D) sympathetic E) somatic 86 7) If the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called A) cholinergic. B) anergic. C) adrenergic. D) synergic. E) noradrenergic 87 8) Neurons that release norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter are called A) cholinergic. B) anergic. C) adrenergic. D) synergic. E) noradrenergic. 88 9) Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerves synapse on neurons located within ________ ganglia. A) somatic B) collateral C) contralateral D) intramural E) terminal 89 10) Parasympathetic ganglia that are near the eyes and salivary glands are called ________ ganglia. A) somatic B) collateral C) contralateral D) intramural E) terminal 90 11) The level of tonic activity of autonomic neurons determines the ________ of an individual. A) isotonic tone B) clonic activity C) autonomic tone D) nervous function E) action potentials 91 12) Most vital organs receive ________ innervation. That is, they receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. A) single B) dual C) biaxial D) ambitonic E) autonomic 92 13) An autonomic plexus involves A) both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. B) ganglia within the abdominal and thoracic cavities. C) nerve networks. D) the solar plexus. E) All of the answers are correct E) All of the answers are correct 93 14) ________ reflexes perform the simplest functions of the autonomic nervous system A) Somatic B) Cranial C) Spinal D) Visceral E) Consensual 94 15) Visceral reflex arcs can bypass CNS neurons in ________ reflexes. A) short B) intermediate C) long D) hyper E) spinal 95 16) The integrative centers for autonomic activity are located in the A) cerebrum. B) thalamus. C) cerebellum. D) pituitary gland. E) hypothalamus. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during rest and digest?Parasympathetic nervous system: This part of your autonomic nervous system does the opposite of your sympathetic nervous system. This system is responsible for the “rest-and-digest” body processes. Enteric nervous system: This part of your autonomic nervous system manages how your body digests food.
What is the division of the autonomic nervous system called?The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. The sympathetic system is associated with the fight-or-flight response, and parasympathetic activity is referred to by the epithet of rest and digest. Homeostasis is the balance between the two systems.
Which ANS Division is also called the resting and digesting system?The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the parasympathetic division. The parasympathetic is responsible for actions that occur with resting and digesting.
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