Audio version of "Group decision making" tip sheet (MP3) Show
Because the performance of a group involves taking into account the needs and opinions of every group member, being able to come to an equitable decision as efficiently as possible is important for the functioning of the group. There are a variety of ways to make decisions as a group; the seven-step decision-making model presented below offers an effective structure for choosing an appropriate course of action for a particular task or project. It can also be an effective method for dealing with a problem or interpersonal conflict that arises within the group.
Decision-making methodsIn order to make the jump from brainstorming potential solutions for solving a problem to evaluating and selecting the best solution, group members need to make decisions. There are several possible methods of decision making that a group can use. A few of them are briefly described below, with advantages on the left and disadvantages on the right for each one: Decision by authorityThe group generates ideas and holds open discussions, but the final decision is made by one person.
Decision by majorityThe group holds a vote on a particular issue following a period of discussion. The majority wins.
Decision by negative minorityThe group holds a vote for the most unpopular idea and eliminates it. They repeat this process until only one idea is left.
Decision by rankingGroup members individually write down the 5 (or fewer) ideas they like best, then rank each idea from 1 to 5, with 5 being the best. The votes are recorded on the board and totalled. The idea with the highest total is selected.
Decision by unanimityAll group members must agree that the decision is the best one.
Decision by consensusThe decision is discussed and negotiated until everyone affected by it understands and agrees with what will be done. Consensus in decision making means that all members genuinely agree that the decision is acceptable. After a group has identified a decision to be made, each member is asked how he/she feels about the proposed decision by selecting one of the following responses:
If all the responses from the group members are 1, 2, 3, or 4, you have a consensus and are ready to move on.
Combining ideasInstead of dropping one idea in favor of another, the group searches for possibilities of implementing both or combining them into one solution.
Example:
Resources
What factors must be considered when participating in group decisions?We identified eight main factors of information use in the process: sense of group identity and group diversity, group heterogeneity or homogeneity, task perception, and personality/individual viewpoints; and access to information, argument analysis, communication medium, and decision rule.
What is the best way for groups to solve problems at work?Strategies for Better Group Problem Solving. Make someone in charge. First, identify a “leader” for the meeting, which could be you or another employee. ... . Select the right team. ... . Mandate participation. ... . Assign homework. ... . Give people individual time to brainstorm. ... . Keep the meeting short. ... . Set an agenda. ... . Listen to all ideas.. How do you organize for making decisions and solving problems?Here are five steps that you can follow to make the most of your problem-solving and decision-making skills:. Define the issue. The first step is to define the problem or issue. ... . Brainstorm different approaches. ... . Evaluate different approaches. ... . Make your decision. ... . Implement your decision. ... . Monitor your progress.. What are the 5 processes for making decisions and solving problems?5 Steps for decision-making and problem-solving. Analyze the problem. Before you can fix an issue and use decision-making skills, take a look at the problem at hand. ... . Gather information. ... . Brainstorm solutions. ... . Weigh pros and cons. ... . Decide on a solution.. |