Stannous Fluoride Toothpaste Show
US Patent No. 3,445,567 Inducted in 2019 Born December 22, 1923 - Died December 24, 1996 Military Service: United States Navy During the early 1940s, when dentist and biochemist Joseph Muhler was an Indiana University undergraduate, he began studying fluoride and tooth decay at the suggestion of his biochemistry professor, Harry Day. Their research, in collaboration with inorganic chemist William Nebergall, would result in a cavity-preventing product using stannous fluoride. In 1956, Crest® toothpaste was introduced nationally. In 1960, it became the first toothpaste to be recognized by the American Dental Association as an effective decay-preventing agent. The idea of using fluoride in toothpaste surfaced in the late 1940s, around the same time research showed that fluoride ions made tooth enamel harder and more resistant to attack. Muhler researched more than 150 fluoride compounds before establishing stannous fluoride as the most effective hardening and protective agent for tooth enamel. In 1949, Procter & Gamble Co. began funding Muhler and Day’s work; one year later, Nebergall joined the project. In the 1950s, the team introduced a formulation containing stannous fluoride. Shortly thereafter, the product was licensed to Procter & Gamble, and stannous fluoride toothpaste was introduced in limited test markets in 1955. Crest debuted in 1956, inspiring other manufacturers to develop their own fluoride formulas. The widespread use of fluoride toothpaste is credited as a significant factor in the nationwide decline in cavities that began in the late 1970s. Today, all toothpastes with the ADA Seal of Acceptance must contain fluoride. Muhler, a graduate of Indiana University for his bachelor’s, dental, and doctoral degrees, held 43 patents. He helped to develop the first preventive dentistry program at Indiana University. In 1950 Proctor and Gamble subsidized research at Indiana University on the use of stannous fluoride--a fluoride/tin compound--in the prevention of tooth decay. Media Player Error Prior to the mid-1950s regular dental hygiene didn’t hold much promise for oral health. Toothpastes had been formulated since ancient times with ingredients ranging from burnt oyster shells to ground areca nuts. Americans using a soap-and-water-based dentifrice were developing around 700 million cavities a year. Proctor and Gamble recognized the market potential for a product with benefits beyond the merely cosmetic. The Cincinnati-based firm subsidized a major research project at Indiana University exploring the use of stannous fluoride–a compound of fluoride and tin–in the prevention of tooth decay. Beginning in 1950, Procter and Gamble committed more than three million dollars to research undertaken over the next fourteen years by a trio of scientists on the Bloomington campus. Biochemist Harry Day, who specialized in the nutritional value of trace elements, teamed up with dentist Joseph C. Muhler and inorganic chemist William Nebergall. The team produced a cavity-preventing prototype by 1952 and proceeded to run clinical trials on 1500 children and 400 adults in the area. After demonstrating that a good half of the participants showed significant decrease in dental caries, Procter and Gamble was ready to release Crest toothpaste. On February 15, 1955, Dr. Muhler sent a tube to IU president Herman B. Wells, announcing that the product would be test-marketed starting that day. The president proffered his congratulations and promised to try out the toothpaste himself. Crest was unveiled at the start of 1956 with a memorable ad campaign featuring children’s portraits by Norman Rockwell captioned with the boast, “Look, Mom! No Cavities!” In 1960, the brand distinguished itself further upon receiving the first Seal of Acceptance from the American Dental Association. IU held the patent for Crest’s formulation from 1958-1975, during which time Procter and Gamble paid royalties to the university for exclusive use of the compound. Those funds helped to establish the Oral Health Research Institute at the School of Dentistry in Indianapolis. The institute, built in 1968, is a world-renowned product-testing site. For more information:
Marketing MCQ Marketing When Procter & Gamble introduced Crest toothpaste, the first fluoride toothpaste, it was intended for use by children and was therefore given a child-appealing bubble gum flavour. Sometime later, the same basic formula was given a fresh, minty flavour to appeal to adults. What is this marketing strategy called? A. product sampling B. product extrapolation C. product differentiation D. usage segmentation Answer: C Learn More :When did Procter and Gamble introduce Crest toothpaste?Procter and Gamble's research on alkyl sulfate in the early 1930s paid off with the commercial introduction of Crest in 1955.
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Which of these is an example of a multiple products multiple market segments strategy quizlet?Which of the following is an example of a multiple products, multiple market segments strategy? Betty Crocker carries one line of cake mixes for people with conventional ovens and another line of cake mixes for people with microwave ovens.
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When Procter and Gamble introduced Crest toothpaste, the first fluoride toothpaste
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