Volume overload generally refers to expansion of the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume. ECF volume expansion typically occurs in heart failure, kidney failure, nephrotic syndrome, and cirrhosis. Renal sodium retention leads to increased total body sodium content. This increase results in varying degrees of volume overload. Serum
sodium concentration can be high, low, or normal in volume-overloaded patients (despite the increased total body sodium content). Treatment involves removal of excess fluid with diuretics or mechanical fluid removal via methods such as dialysis and paracentesis. Among the most common causes of ECF volume overload are the following: Premenstrual edema Pregnancy Symptoms of volume overload are mainly those of the underlying disorder, but excess fluid may manifest as
Diagnosis is mainly clinical. Key features include weight gain and edema. The location and amount of edema are dependent on many factors, including whether the patient has been sitting, lying, or standing recently. Clinical findings vary significantly depending on the cause and are discussed in detail elsewhere in THE MANUAL.
Dietary sodium intake is restricted. Diuretics are given in heart failure, cirrhosis, renal insufficiency, and nephrotic syndrome. Daily weights are the best way to follow the progress of therapy for ECF volume overload. The speed of correction of ECF volume overload should be limited to 0.25 to 0.5 kg body weight/day, depending on the degree of volume overload (faster with a copious excess, slower with less excess) and the patient's other medical problems (slower with hypotension and renal insufficiency). Outpatients should be monitored closely when undergoing active diuresis. When there is more severe organ system dysfunction or multiple organ systems are involved or little progress is being made with oral diuretics, inpatient treatment and monitoring are needed. Click here for Patient Education  Copyright © 2022 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved. Question 1 of 10A client who has been suffering from severe diarrhea has developed hypokalemia and cardiac arrhythmias as a result. Which of the following treatments would most likely be ordered for this client to correct the situation?
Question 2 of 10A client is being seen for care after developing abdominal distention, cramping, and hypotension. The client is diagnosed with hypokalemia secondary to excessive use of diuretics. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate for this client?
Question 3 of 10A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with a potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L. What EKG findings would the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Question 4 of 10A client with magnesium depletion has laboratory testing which showed a calcium level of 7.9 mg/dL. Which nursing interventions are most appropriate in this situation? Select all that apply.
Question 5 of 10A nurse is caring for a client who has had thyroid surgery. The client’s calcium result has returned at 7.5 mg/dL. Which nursing interventions are the most appropriate based on this calcium level? Select all that apply.
Question 6 of 10A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from surgery. The client has developed a headache, muscle weakness, and mental status changes. The nurse notes that the client’s glucose level is 85 mg/dL, sodium is 126 mEq/L, potassium is 4.8 mEq/L and calcium is 8.6 mg/dL. What intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to perform in this situation?
Question 7 of 10The client is being evaluated for a low calcium condition. The nurse knows to recognize which of the following clinical manifestations of low calcium? Select all that apply.
Question 8 of 10A client has a calcium reading of 11 mg/dL. What does the nurse expect the clients phosporus reading to be?
Question 9 of 10A student nurse is reviewing electrolytes and understands that which of the following is the function of calcium in heart conduction?
Question 10 of 10A client has developed hyponatremia as a result of syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone. Which type of IV fluid would the nurse most likely administer?
Lastly, what email should we send your results to?I understand I will receive future communications from NURSING.com and agree to thePrivacy Policy. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of fluid volume excess quizlet?CORRECT: Edema is a clinical manifestation present with fluid volume excess. Edema is due to the excess of fluid within the body.
Which clinical finding would be seen in a patient having fluid volume excess?An elevated blood pressure and bounding pulses are often seen with fluid volume excess. Decreased blood pressure with an elevated heart rate and a weak or thready pulse are hallmark signs of fluid volume deficit.
What manifestation of extracellular fluid volume excess does the nurse anticipate finding?What clinical finding does a nurse anticipate when admitting a client with an extracellular fluid volume excess? Because of fluid overload in the intravascular space, the neck veins become visibly distended. Rapid, thready pulse and elevated hematocrit level occur with a fluid deficit.
What is one of the signs and symptoms of extracellular fluid volume excess?Signs of fluid overload may include:. Rapid weight gain.. Noticeable swelling (edema) in your arms, legs and face.. Swelling in your abdomen.. Cramping, headache, and stomach bloating.. Shortness of breath.. High blood pressure.. Heart problems, including congestive heart failure.. |
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of fluid volume excess select all that apply?
Urheberrechte © © 2024 berikutyang Inc.
