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doi: 10.1159/000316130. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
Review Current indications for growth hormone therapy for children and adolescentsErick Richmond et al. Endocr Dev. 2010. AbstractGrowth hormone (GH) therapy has been appropriate for severely GH-deficient children and adolescents since the 1960s. Use for other conditions for which short stature was a component could not be seriously considered because of the small supply of human pituitary-derived hormone. That state changed remarkably in the mid-1980s because of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with human pituitary tissue-derived hGH and the development of a (nearly) unlimited supply of recombinant, 22 kDa (r)hGH. The latter permitted all GH-deficient children to have access to treatment and one could design trials using rhGH to increase adult height in infants, children and adolescents with causes of short stature other than GH deficiency, as well as trials in adult GH-deficient men and women. Approved indications (US Food and Drug Administration) include: GH deficiency, chronic kidney disease, Turner syndrome, small-for-gestational age with failure to catch up to the normal height percentiles, Prader-Willi syndrome, idiopathic short stature, SHOX gene haploinsufficiency and Noonan syndrome (current to October 2008). The most common efficacy outcome in children is an increase in height velocity, although rhGH may prevent hypoglycemia in some infants with congenital hypopituitarism and increase the lean/fat ratio in most children - especially those with severe GH deficiency or Prader-Willi syndrome. Doses for adults, which affect body composition and health-related quality of life, are much lower than those for children, per kilogram of lean body mass. The safety profile is quite favorable with a small, but significant, incidence of raised intracranial pressure, scoliosis, muscle and joint discomfort, including slipped capital femoral epiphysis. The approval of rhGH therapy for short, non-GH-deficient children has validated the notion of GH sensitivity, which gives the opportunity to some children with significant short stature, but with normal stimulated GH test results, to benefit from rhGH therapy and perhaps attain an adult height within the normal range and appropriate for their mid-parental target height (genetic potential). Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. Similar articles
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Which of the following is contraindicated to the administration of growth hormone?Somatropin is contraindicated in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese, have a history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea, or have severe respiratory impairment. There have been reports of sudden death when somatropin was used in such patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Which of the following is a contraindication to the administration of somatrem a medication that mimics growth hormone?Contraindicated in:
Acute critical illness (therapy should not be initiated) or respiratory failure. Diabetic retinopathy. Prader-Willi syndrome with obesity and respiratory impairment (risk of fatal complications; can be used only if growth hormone deficiency is documented).
What is not an effect of growth hormone?Any increase in muscle size due to use of synthetic growth hormone is actually the result of an increase in connective tissue, which does not contribute to muscle strength. For this reason, use of synthetic growth hormone does not lead to increase muscle strength.
What conditions is growth hormone used for?In children, healthcare providers prescribe hGH to treat: Growth hormone deficiency. Conditions that cause short stature, such as chronic kidney disease, Turner syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome.
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Which of the following is a contraindication to the administration of growth hormone?
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