____________ is defined as the retention of information or experience over time. memory The initial recording of information into memory is called ______________ encoding sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory is part of the __________-______________ theory of memory atkinson-shriffin Marisol is reading her textbook while ignoring the argument her younger siblings are having in the same room. Marisol's situation is a good example of ____________. selective attention Concentrating on more than one activity at a time is called ____________. divided attention According to levels of processing, the process of _____ involves three levels. encoding Memory is defined as the _____. the retention of information or experience over time Dr. Marsh has her General Psychology class go through an exercise in which they look at a group of objects and attempt to remember them. Then she has the class look at another group of objects and create a story involving them. The class finds the second group easier to remember because of _____. elaboration Ari is watching a movie. Which initial memory process is Ari using? encoding When Don was an undergraduate many years ago, his physics professor shot a flaming arrow across the lecture hall to illustrate a physics theory. Because Don vividly remembers the theory today, this is an example of ______________. imagery ___________ attention involves focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring other stimuli. selective The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory of memory proposed that there are _____ systems in memory. three _________ attention involves concentrating on more than one task or activity at a time. divided What type of memory holds information from the world in its original form for only a brief moment in time? sensory memory True or false: There are five levels of processing in the encoding process. false When ___________ is extensive, the person has attempted to make the to-be-remembered information meaningful and has engaged in detailed processing. elaboration In order to remember the way to the library, Kareem created a mental picture of all of the things he sees on his usual route. Kareem used mental __________ to remember the necessary route. imagery You are driving down the highway and see a billboard with a phone number on it. You tell yourself to remember it, but after you drive a little farther, you find you've forgotten it. This describes the limitations of short term The three stages of memory in the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory are _______ memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. sensory Which of the following statements are true regarding short-term memory? (Select all that apply) It can store information longer than sensory memory. It involves procedural memory, which is memory for skills. It is a limited-capacity memory system. It can hold unlimited information. it can store information longer than sensory memory; it is a limited-capacity memory system __________ memory holds information from the world in its original form for only an instant, not much longer than the brief time it is exposed to the visual, auditory, and other senses. sensory According to levels of processing, the process of _____ involves three levels. encoding According to researchers such as George Miller, short-term memory's capacity is _____ plus or minus ____. seven; two Dr. Marsh has her General Psychology class go through an exercise in which they look at a group of objects and attempt to remember them. Then she has the class look at another group of objects and create a story involving them. The class finds the second group easier to remember because of _____. elaboration Rehearsal increases the _____. length of time that information can be held in short-term memory Which of the following holds information from the world in its original form for only a brief moment in time? sensory memory __________ involves grouping information into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units. chunking According to researchers such as George Miller, short-term memory's capacity is _____ plus or minus _____ seven; two Sam has to remember a 12-digit number that he generated for his computer password (198819892001). He remembers the information as the birth years of his three sisters: 1988, 1989, 2001. Sam's strategy is ________ chunking When ________ is extensive, the person has attempted to make the to-be-remembered information meaningful and has engaged in detailed processing. elaboration The conscious repetition of information is also known as ___________. rehearsal You are driving down the highway and see a billboard with a phone number on it. You tell yourself to remember it, but after you drive a little farther, you find you've forgotten it. This describes the limitations of ____-_____ memory. short-term Which of the following strategies can be used to increase the number of pieces of information that can be held in short-term memory? Study the same information several times. Chunk the information. Rehearse the information. Take advantage of elaborative rehearsal. chunk the information Which of the following is a limitation of rehearsal? It only works for remembering dates and numbers. It works best for retaining information in long-term memory but not short-term memory. It doesn't work for dates and numbers but works well for visual information. It doesn't work well for retaining information over the long term because it involves just mechanical repetition of information. it doesn't work well for retaining information over the long term because it involves just mechanical repetition of information Which of the following involves grouping information into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units? a) Recalling chunking the concept of _______ memory was proposed as an alternate conceptualization of short-term memory. working You don't have any paper or pencil to write the phone number someone is giving you, so you repeat the number until you are able to write it down. This is an example of _____. a) rehearsal rehearsal
Working memory has a different capacity than short-term memory. In working memory, if chunks are relatively complex, most young adults can remember __________ to _______________ chunks of information. three; five Rehearsal involves ______ information. the biological memory of unconsciously remembering the conscious repetition of psychologically connecting the conscious repetition of Which of the following could be used as a metaphor for the capacity of working memory? the keypad of a cellphone the RAM of a computer the table of contents of a textbook the hard drive of a computer the RAM of a computer _______-________ memory is a limited-capacity memory system in which information is usually retained for less than a minute unless strategies are used to retain it longer. short-term ________ does not work well for retaining information over the long term because it often involves just mechanically repeating information. rehearsal Which of the following statements apply to the concept of working memory? (Select all that apply.) It consists of three parts. It is a mental blackboard. It is based on principles of Ebbinghaus. It is an alternate conceptualization of the concept of short-term memory. it consists of three parts; it is a mental blackboard; it is an alternate conceptualization of the concept of short-term memory Short-term memory can retain about __ to ___ pieces of complex information. three; five _________________ memory can be thought of as a mental blackboard, a place where we can imagine and visualize. working Which of the following are components of Baddeley's working memory theory? (Select all that apply.) Phonological loop Visuo-spatial sketchpad Eidetic imagery Central executive phonological loop, Visuo-spatial sketchpad, central executive A relatively permanent type of memory that stores huge amounts of information is _____ memory. visuospatial working sensory long-term short-term long-term Working memory has a different capacity than short-term memory. In working memory, if chunks are relatively complex, most young adults can remember _____ to _____ chunks of information three; five True or false: According to Baddeley's conceptualization of working memory, there are three components: the phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, and the central executive. true Long-term memory is a _____ type of memory that stores huge amounts of information. permanent Due to the neurosurgery that treated his severe form of epilepsy, H. M.'s __________ memory was impaired, but his _________ memory was less affected. explicit; implicit Explicit memory is the conscious recollection of information and is sometimes also referred to as _____ memory. declarative Which of the following options are true of explicit memory? (Select all that apply.) It is memory for how to perform skills and tasks. It is a memory in which behavior is affected by prior experience without a conscious recollection of that experience. It has two sub types of memory: episodic and semantic It is sometimes referred to as declarative memory. it has two sub types of memory: episodic and semantic; it is sometimes referred to as declarative memory Short-term memory can retain about _____ to ____ pieces of complex information. five; nine The two main components of long-term memory are explicit; implicit In a longitudinal study examining how long explicit memories last, researchers found that forgetting of information tended to happen in the first _____ years and then leveled off. three Due to the neurosurgery that treated his severe form of epilepsy, H. M.'s _____ memory was impaired, but his _____ memory was less affected. explicit; implicit ______ memory is a part of long-term memory that represents that portion of original learning that appears destined to be with the person virtually forever, even in the absence of rehearsal. permastore Explicit memory is the conscious recollection of information and is sometimes also referred to as ___________ memory. declarative Explicit memory is the _____ recollection of information such as facts and events. concious During his first week of college, Blaine attended a lecture on meteors. His memory of being at that lecture is _____ memory. His memory for the actual information about meteors is _____ memory. episodic; semantic ________ refers to a person's memories about himself or herself, whereas ________ refers to a person's memories about the world. episodic; semantic Which type of memory is retrieved unconsciously? implicit memory Tim has a very clear memory of his 10th birthday party. This would be an example of ___________ memory episodic The way information is stored and recalled in memory can be influenced positively/negatively by schemas. both A person who cannot create new memories has ___________ amnesia anterograde Which of the following brain structures is responsible for remembering highly emotional events? amygdala In high school, a student took German; however, she decided to take Russian in college. She finds that she is having trouble learning to speak Russian because she keeps using German words instead of Russian words. She is experiencing _________ interference proactive Although Alex had never taken chemistry before, he still knew, based on experiences with other college courses, what to expect on the first day of class. Alex has a(n) ________ for "the first day of class." schema As part of an experiment in psychology class, Professor Chang writes the word "yellow" on the board before class begins. He doesn't bring the word to the students' attention, but they can all clearly see it. Later, he asks each student to write down the name of the first fruit that comes to mind. The majority of the class writes "banana." This illustrates the concept of ___________________ priming Sandy has a lot of general knowledge, not tied to a particular time or place, about international affairs. This is an example of a type of explicit memory known as ________ semantic During her first week of college, Hazel attended a lecture on the periodic table of elements. Her memory of being at that lecture is _________ memory. Her memory for the actual information in the periodic table is ________ episodic; semantic True or false: People with amnesia may forget episodic information but have semantic information still completely intact, and vice versa. true You know how to tie your shoes, and when you do, the procedure can be carried out non-consciously. This is an example of _____ memory. implicit
_________ memory is a part of long-term memory that represents that portion of original learning that appears destined to be with the person virtually forever, even in the absence of rehearsal. permastore David has a lot of general knowledge about international affairs. This is an example of a type of explicit memory known as _____ memory. semantic Allison lived in a foreign country for a year, and she didn't drive a car during that time. When she came back to the United States, she found it effortless to drive her car. Her ability to remember how to drive is an example of _____ memory. procedural A subtype of implicit memory involves ________ __________ which is the automatic learning of associations between stimuli. For example, a person who always gets bad news in work meetings may come to associate work meetings with anxiety. classical conditioning What do researchers currently believe regarding amnesia? a) Amnesia reinforces the difference between semantic and episodic memory; people with amnesia can have one type preserved with the other type impaired. b) Cases of amnesia provide no useful information about the difference between semantic and episodic memory. c) Amnesia only affects episodic but not semantic memory. d) Amnesia only affects semantic but not episodic memory. amnesia reinforces the difference between semantic and episodic memory; people with amnesia can have one type preserved with the other type impaired If a researcher activates information in participants' minds and the activation helps participants remember new information more efficiently later, we would say that the researcher used _____, a type of implicit memory, to improve participant performance. priming __________ memory is when behavior is affected by prior experiences without conscious recollection of the experience. implicit Carolyn is given a set of words to study, and dog is one of those words. On a later task, she is asked to complete the following item: -og. Carolyn is more likely to make -og into dog than hog or bog because of the concept known as ______ priming ____ memory is a part of long-term memory that represents that portion of original learning that appears destined to be with the person virtually forever, even in the absence of rehearsal. permastore A ________ is a general mental framework that helps people to organize and understand information. schema Jon hasn't ridden a bicycle for five years; yet, when he hops on, he finds he can still ride. This is an example of _____ memory. procedural A subtype of implicit memory involves _____ _____, which is the automatic learning of associations between stimuli. For example, a person who always gets bad news in work meetings may come to associate work meetings with anxiety. classical conditioning Five-year-old Emmie loves to play dentist's office. She knows the whole routine: go to the office, pretend to read a magazine, then get called into the office and sit in the dentist's chair. The best description of this is a _________, which is a schema for an event. script If a researcher activates information in participants' minds and the activation helps participants remember new information more efficiently later, we would say that the researcher used ____________, a type of implicit memory, to improve participant performance. priming _____ is the theory that memory is stored throughout the brain in connections connectionism Megan is given a set of words to study, and hat is one of those words. On a later task, she is asked to complete the following item: -at. Megan is more likely to make -at into hat than cat or bat because of the concept known as _____. priming A(n) _____ is a general mental framework that helps us to understand and organize information schema Allison lived in a foreign country for a year, and she didn't drive a car during that time. When she came back to the United States, she found it effortless to drive her car. Her ability to remember how to drive is an example of _____ memory. procedural According to the connectionist network perspective, our _____ are organized sets of neurons that are activated together. memories Toddler Christine loves to play restaurant. She knows the whole routine: find a restaurant, be seated, look at menus, order food, eat food, pay, and leave. The best description of this is a _________ , which is a schema for an event. script The memory of your grandmother's name is not just represented in a single spot in the brain but involves activity spread out a vast network of neural links connected to numerous nodes. This is an example of ____________ connectionism
The process by which interconnected networks of neurons are formed is called _____. consolidation Neuroscientists studying memory have benefited greatly from the use of MRI scans. They are able to see brain activation while a person is remembering. This has led them to conclude that _____. there is no one memory center in the brain a memory center exists in the brain, but researchers can't agree on its location no conclusions can be made about a memory center in the brain there is a memory center in the brain there is no one memory center in the brain memories are composed of circuits of neurons, and most memories are represented by clusters of about 1,000/100,000 neurons. 1,000 From a connectionist network perspective, memories are organized sets of ______ that are routinely activated together. neurons Which of the following best explains the concept of long-term potentiation? This concept states that if two neurons are activated at the same time, the connection between them and thus the memory may be strengthened. The concept hypothesizes that there are three systems in memory. This concept hypothesizes that working memory is a three-part system that allows us to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. The concept hypothesizes that information at the beginning or end of a list will be better remembered than information in the middle of the list. this concept states that if two neurons are activated at the same time, the connection between them and thus the memory may be strengthened Explicit memory information, such as prospective and retrospective memories, is transmitted from the hippocampus to which lobes? Occipital Temporal Frontal Parietal frontal True or false: Memories in the brain are stored in a specific location. false A specific part of the brain, the ____________ , plays an important role in emotional memory. amygdala Which of the following concepts suggests that if two neurons are activated at the same time, the connection between them (and thus the memory) may be strengthened? The hierarchy system of classification The implicit memory concept The concept of long-term potentiation The schema concept the concept of long-term potentiation Which of the following is the memory process by which information held in memory is brought out of storage? Encoding Rehearsal Elaboration Retrieval retrieval The frontal lobes of the brain play an important role in _____ memory. (select all that apply) retrospective implicit explicit memory prospective retrospective; explicit memory; prospective The process by which interconnected networks of neurons are formed is called _____. connectionism consolidation mirroring networking consolidation Alan had a list of items to buy at the hardware store, but when he arrived at the store, he found he had forgotten to bring his list. "Oh, well," he said, "I remember the first three, so I may as well get those." This illustrates the _____ effect. primacy What is the role of the amygdala in memory? It plays an important role in emotional memory. It plays an important role in priming. It plays an important role in organizational memory. It plays an important role in skill-based memory. it plays an important role in emotional memory The _______ _________ effect refers to the tendency to recall the items at the beginning and end of a list better than the items in the middle. serial position ____________ is the memory process by which information retained in memory is brought out of storage, that is, when we recall or remember something. retrieval There are two aspects of the serial position effect: Better recall for items at the beginning is referred to as the ______ effect, and better recall for items at the end is referred to as ________ primacy; recency In terms of the effects of serial position, the __________ effect refers to better recall for items at the beginning. primacy A specific part of the brain, the __________ , plays an important role in emotional memory. amygdala If you are asked to remember a list of words, the words memorized ______ are the least likely to be remembered. in the middle last at the beginning in the middle One good strategy for generating _______ __________ is to use different subcategories to help remember information. retrieval cues _________ is a memory task in which the person has to retrieve previously learned information; recall; recognition Which two of the following are recognition tasks? (select all that apply) A student is asked to identify and explain the factors that lead up to World War II. A student is given an essay test. A witness has to identify a criminal from a page of photographs. A student takes a multiple choice test. a witness has to identify a criminal from a page of photographs; a student takes a multiple choice test Brenda was somewhat rattled when she discovered that the final exam for one of her classes would be held in a different lecture hall than the one the class is normally in. She just finished a learning and behavior class, so she understands the principle that applies to this situation. What principle would that be? Context-dependent memory Classroom-dependent memory Prospective memory Exam-dependent memory context-dependent memory Special cases of memory retrieval have been researched and debated by cognitive psychologists. Which of the following is NOT a special case in which special memory retrieval is utilized. Emotional memories Memory for words Traumatic character of memories memory for words If you are trying to remember a new friend's name, you might try going through the alphabet in order to generate names that begin with each letter. This is an example of using encoding specificity. retrieval cues. chunking. serial position effect. retrieval cues A special form of episodic memory is ____________ memory, which includes individuals' recollections of their life experiences, which generally include some memory and some myth. autobiographical Jason is actively trying to remember his teammates' names, so he writes down the numbers from their jerseys and the position they play on the team, along with the first letter of their names. He is using the numbers as ___________ cues to help his memory for the names of his teammates. retrieval You have a very vivid memory of the events of September 11, 2001. The memory may be traumatic or very iconic. However, it may not be very accurate in the details. The specific term for this kind of memory is a _____. semantic memory implicit memory flashbulb memory episodic memory flashbulb memory
A multiple-choice question that requires that you remember what you have seen before is an example of a _____ task. recognition People remember better when they attempt to recall information in the same external circumstances in which they learned it. This describes _____. context-dependent memory the serial position effect prospective memory context-dependent memory Special cases of memory retrieval have been researched and debated by cognitive psychologists. Select all of the following that describe a special case in which special memory retrieval is utilized. Showing high levels of alertness Traumatic character of memories Emotional memories Memory for words traumatic character of memories; emotional memories Explicit memory has two subtypes. Autobiographical memory, a special form of _________ memory (which is one of explicit memory's subtypes), is a person's recollections of his or her life experiences. episodic ____________ memories may feel very accurate because they are so much more vivid than other memories, but the details of those memories are not always correct. flashbulb You have a very vivid memory of the events of September 11, 2001. The memory may be traumatic or very iconic. However, it may not be very accurate in the details. The specific term for this kind of memory is a _______ memory. flashbulb In 1890, American philosopher and psychologist William James said that an experience can be so emotionally arousing that it leaves a scar on brain tissue. He was referring to ________ events. traumatic Special cases of memory retrieval have been researched and debated by cognitive psychologists. Which of the following is NOT a special case in which special memory retrieval is utilized. Memory for words Emotional memories memory for words Which of the following may lead to inaccurate memories for traumatic events? (Select all that apply.) a) Memory for traumatic events tends to be highly accurate over time. b) People could make perceptual errors during encoding because the event was so traumatic. c) Discussing the traumatic event with others may result in contaminating the memory with information from others. d) Therapy after the trauma could erase the information from memory. e) Information may be distorted in retelling the event to make the event seem less traumatic. b, c, e Traumatic memories appear to be linked to the release of stress-related hormones. Which of the following brain areas are involved in the release of stress related hormones? (Select all that apply.) Medulla Hippocampus Cerebellum Amygdala hippocampus; amygdala Allan seemed to forget that he was abused by a family member when he was very young. When he later remembered that he was the victim of this abuse early in his life, he uncovered what psychologists call _____ memory. repressed A multiple-choice question that requires that you remember what you have seen before is an example of a _____ task. recall recognition recognition What is the term used to describe the process that occurs when a person forgets something because it is painful or anxiety-laden? Flashbulb memory Prospective memory Motivated forgetting Short-term memory motivated forgetting Which of the following are true in regard to memories of traumatic events? (Select all that apply.) a) They may be subject to deterioration and distortion. b) They are likely rehearsed the day before the traumatic event. c) They may be more accurate than memories of nontraumatic events. d) Stress-related hormones play a role in memories that involve personal trauma. a, c, d True or false: Memory for traumatic events tends to be highly accurate over time. false Traumatic memories appear to be linked to the release of stress-related hormones. The _______ and the _________ hippocampus; amygdala While in therapy, Lara remembers that she was sexually abused while she was a very young child, even though she seems to have not remembered the abuse for most of her life. Lara may have uncovered a _______ memory. repressed Which of the following statements are true regarding eyewitness testimony? (Select all that apply.) a) Memory can be distorted by new information. b) Memory can fade. c) There is a specific location in the brain where eyewitness memories are stored. d) Witnesses may share their thoughts. e) Bias may be involved. a, b, d, e Which of the following circumstances illustrate motivated forgetting? (Select all that apply.) a) Someone forgets an event that is a consequence of an emotional trauma. b) An individual forgets information out of working memory. c) An individual loses information out of procedural memory. d) A person forgets something that is anxiety-laden and painful. a, d In 1890, American philosopher and psychologist William James said that an experience can be so emotionally arousing that it leaves a scar on brain tissue. He was referring to ________ events. traumatic Leah was sexually assaulted while she was a college student. When her friends and family try to get her to talk about her experiences, she honestly tells them that the situation was so terrible that she now can remember hardly anything about it. This is an example of _____________ forgetting. motivated Which of the following best describes memory performance for participants who were asked to identify a series of pictures? a) Participants were nearly 40 percent accurate after 2 hours but 4 months later could only remember about 5 percent with accuracy. b) Participants were nearly 100 percent accurate after 2 hours but 4 months later could only remember about 57 percent with accuracy. c) Participants were only 25 percent accurate after 2 hours but 4 months later could remember about 88 percent with accuracy. d) Participants were only 57 percent accurate after 2 hours but 4 months later could remember nearly 100 percent with accuracy. b Traumatic memories appear to be linked to the release of stress-related hormones. Which of the following brain areas are involved in the release of stress related hormones? (Select all that apply.) a) Amygdala b) Cerebellum c) Medulla d) Hippocampus a, d Hermann Ebbinghaus was the first person to conduct scientific research on ______________. forgetting In forensic psychology, most of the interest in _________ ___-_____ focuses on distortion, bias, and inaccuracy of memory. eyewitness testimony _________ failure occurs when the information has never entered into long-term memory. encoding Which of the following is NOT a factor that causes retrieval failure? a) Personal reasons for remembering b) Errors in storage c) Effects of time d) Attending too closely to the information d ______________ theory states that people forget not because memories are lost from storage but because other information gets in the way of what they want to remember. interference In one study where researchers asked participants to study and later identify pictures that were presented, the researchers found that _____. a) memory improves; participants' memory performance improved with time. b) memory is inconsistent; researchers were unable to find a consistent pattern in participants' performance. c) memory does not change; participants' memory performance remained stable with time. d) memory fades; participants' memory performance declined with time. d Your best female friend is getting married and has decided to take her husband's last name. Now, whenever you try to remember her full name, her maiden name pops into your mind instead of her newer last name. This is an example of _____. a) retroactive interference b) anterograde amnesia c) retrograde amnesia d) proactive interference d Encoding failure occurs when the information was _____. a) not properly rehearsed b) context-dependent c) never entered into long-term memory d) never entered into register c Select all of the following that cause retrieval failure. a) Effects of time b) Personal reasons for remembering c) Errors in storage d) Attending too closely to the information a, b, c True or false: Mimi is enthusiastic about baking and has used her grandmother's apple pie recipe for a number of years. Lately, she has been enrolled in pastry classes where she has learned to make six varieties of apple pie, so when she tries to make her grandmother's recipe, she becomes confused about ingredients. This is an example of retroactive interference. true Interference occurs when _____. a) the instructor keeps talking as you are trying to write down what she just said b) information has been stored but not used for a long period of time c) information is not made ready for storage d) the instructor never repeats himself, so you have no clue as to what is important a Which theory states that the passage of time always increases forgetting? a) Repression b) Encoding specificity c) Interference d) Decay d _____________ failure occurs when the information has never entered into long-term memory. encoding After years of taking French, you study Spanish. When the word for red in Spanish is required, you correctly say rojo. But you can't remember the French word for red. This is an example of _____. a) proactive interference b) anterograde amnesia c) retroactive interference d) retrograde amnesia c ___________ theory states that the passage of time always increases forgetting. decay Eli knows the name of the capitol of his state, but he forgets it when his teacher asks. This is known as _____. a) the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon b) proactive interference c) the theory of parallel distributed processing d) Alzheimer's a _____ memory involves remembering information from the past, whereas _____ memory involves remembering to do something in the future. a) Prospective; retrospective b) Retrospective; prospective c) Prospective; repressed d) Retrospective; repressed b Aaron has elaborate systems set up on his computer to remind him of all the things he has to do and when he has to do them. The computer is helping Aaron with _____ memory. prospective __________ amnesia occurs when you cannot remember what happened AFTER you fell down and hit your head. anterograde Gladys has a lot on her mind. She has to remember the name of the garage where she gets her car's oil changed, which is an example of _____ memory. She also has to remember that she needs to get the car's oil changed next Tuesday, which is an example of _____ memory. retrospective; prospective _____ amnesia is characterized by memory loss for a segment of the individual's past. retrograde Dr. Quincy loves to have students in her Abnormal Psychology class work with case studies and reflect upon diagnostic questions, instead of reading and studying material. This is because Dr. Quincy is familiar with the research on memory and understands that _____. a) the first items learned are more easily remembered because they are rehearsed more b) this will allow the information to stay in sensory memory for longer c) memory of material is better when we think deeply and connect new information with information we already have d) this strategy won't improve memory but will result in the students liking her more than other professors c The term amnesia refers to a loss of memory. Which of the following describe this memory disorder? a) It can be anterograde or retrograde. b) It can affect the retention of new memories. c) It can affect memories differentially. d) It can break down later memories. a, b, c H. M. could not remember things that happened after surgery to remove his hippocampus. This is an example of ________ amnesia. anterograde amnesia Select all of the following that are powerful tools for processing memory. a) Organizing b) Retrieving c) Networking d) Encoding e) Rehearsing f) Reading
a, b, d, e After David sustained a traumatic brain injury, he has discovered that he can't remember anything that happened in the last four years, but he can learn new information just as well as he did before the injury. David is likely experiencing _________amnesia. retrograde Before using memory processes, you must first ________ the information you are about to study. organize Dr. Wiley asks students to look at real-world problems related to political science, instead of reading and studying textbooks and note cards with definitions. This is because Dr. Wiley is familiar with the research on memory and understands that a) the first items learned are more easily remembered. b) this information will stay in sensory memory longer. c) people only remember things related to current events. d) memory we can connect to knowledge we already have is recalled better. d Select all of the following that are considered tips for rehearsing learned material. a) Talk to people about what you have learned. b) Test yourself after looking at your notes. c) Rewrite or type your notes. d) While studying, ask yourself questions and listen to soft music to stay focused. a, b, c Which of the following is NOT a powerful tool for processing information into memory? a) Rehearsing b) Organizing c) Encoding d) Multitasking e) Retrieving d Uncle Charlie loves to tell family stories. His nephews observe that these stories evolve over time, but they enjoy hearing them because Charlie is a great storyteller. This is an example of how _____ memory fosters intimacy and creates social bonds. autobiographical Select all of the following that are considered tips for organizing for memory processes. a) Review notes that you are preparing to memorize. b) Experiment with different organizational techniques. c) Encode and pay attention to all outside information. d) Organize the material in a way that will allow you to memorize. a, b, d _____________ disease is a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and eventually physical functioning. alzheimers When you have completed a class or lecture, you should enhance encoding by ______________ the material by rewriting or retyping the information. rehearsing Which of the following are functions of autobiographical memory? (Select all that apply.) a) It provides us with identity. b) Sharing personal experience creates social bonds. c) It allows us to hold information in its original sensory form for an instant. d) It allows us to learn from our experiences. a, b, d Alzheimer's disease involves deterioration of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a) Blood pressure b) Physical functioning c) Language d) Reasoning e) Memory f) Heart function b, c, d, e |
Which of the following statements is true regarding motivated forgetting quizlet
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