INTENSIFIED HEMISPHERIC INTERACTIONS, 1000-1500 CEStandard 1: The maturing of an interregional system of communication, trade, and cultural exchange in an era of Chinese economic power and Islamic expansion Show
Standard 2: The redefining of European society and culture, 1000-1300 CE Standard 3: The rise of the Mongol empire and its consequences for Eurasian peoples, 1200-1350 Standard 4: The growth of states, towns, and trade in Sub-Saharan Africa between the 11th and 15th centuries Standard 5: Patterns of crisis and recovery in Afro-Eurasia, 1300-1450 Standard 6: The expansion of states and civilizations in the Americas, 1000-1500 Standard 7: Major global trends from 1000-1500 CE In this era the various regions of Eurasia and Africa became more firmly interconnected than at any earlier time in history. The sailing ships that crossed the wide sea basins of the Eastern Hemisphere carried a greater volume and variety of goods than ever before. In fact, the chain of seas extending across the hemisphere–China seas, Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Black Sea, Mediterranean, and Baltic–came to form a single interlocking network of maritime trade. In the same centuries caravan traffic crossed the Inner Asian steppes and the Sahara Desert more frequently. As trade and travel intensified so did cultural exchanges and encounters, presenting local societies with a profusion of new opportunities and dangers. By the time of the transoceanic voyages of the Portuguese and Spanish, the Eastern Hemisphere already constituted a single zone of intercommunication possessing a unified history of its own. A global view reveals four “big stories” that give shape to the entire era:
Why Study This Era?
STANDARD 1The maturing of an interregional system of communication, trade, and cultural exchange in an era of Chinese economic power and Islamic expansion. Standard 1A The student understands China’s extensive urbanization and commercial expansion between the 10th and 13th centuries.
Standard 1B The student understands developments in Japanese and Southeast Asian civilization.
Standard 1C The student understands how pastoral migrations and religious reform movements between the 11th and 13th centuries contributed to the rise of new states and the expansion of Islam.
Standard 1D The student understands how interregional communication and trade led to intensified cultural exchanges among diverse peoples of Eurasia and Africa.
STANDARD 2The redefining of European society and culture, 1000-1300 CE. Standard 2A The student understands feudalism and the growth of centralized monarchies and city-states in Europe.
Standard 2B The student understands the expansion of Christian Europe after 1000.
Standard 2C The student understands the patterns of social change and cultural achievement in Europe’s emerging civilizations.
STANDARD 3The rise of the Mongol empire and its consequences for Eurasian peoples, 1200-1350. Standard 3A The student understands the world-historical significance of the Mongol empire.
Standard 3B The student understands the significance of Mongol rule in China, Korea, Russia, and Southwest Asia. STANDARD 4The growth of states, towns, and trade in Sub-Saharan Africa between the 11th and 15th centuries. Standard 4A The student understands the growth of imperial states in West Africa and Ethiopia.
Standard 4B The student understands the development of towns and maritime trade in East and Southern Africa.
STANDARD 5Patterns of crisis and recovery in Afro-Eurasia, 1300-1450. Standard 5A The student understands the consequences of Black Death and recurring plague pandemic in the 14th century.
Standard 5B The student understands transformations in Europe following the economic and demographic crises of the 14th century. Standard 5C The student understands major political developments in Asia in the aftermath of the collapse of Mongol rule and the plague pandemic.
STANDARD 6The expansion of states and civilizations in the Americas, 1000-1500. Standard 6A The student understands the development of complex societies and states in North America and Mesoamerica.
Standard 6B The student understands the development of the Inca empire in Andean South America.
STANDARD 7Major global trends from 1000-1500 CE. Standard 7A The student understands major global trends from 1000 to 1500 CE.
What factors led to the growth in Indian Ocean trade in the period up to 1450?Improved commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes—including the Silk Roads, trans-Saharan trade network, and Indian Ocean—promoting the growth of powerful new trading cities. The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states.
What technologies facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean during the 1200 1450 time period?The growth of inter-regional trade in luxury goods was encouraged by innovations in previously existing transportation and commercial technologies, including the caravanserai, forms of credit, and the development of money economies as well as the use of the compass, the astrolabe and larger ship designs.
Which of the following was an important long term effect of the creation and expansion of the English East India Company?Which of the following was an important long-term effect of the creation and expansion of the English (later British) East India Company? British economic and political colonialism in South Asia.
What were the intellectual and cultural effects of the trade networks from 1200 to 1450?1200 to c. 1450. Increased cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, and cultural traditions, as well as scientific and technological innovations.
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