What is the primary source of underwriting information for an individual health insurance policy?

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Some people have access to health insurance through their job. Others don’t, so they have to buy health insurance themselves. This page lists what to think about as you look at health insurance options.

Before you get started, answer these questions:

  • Do you belong to, or could you join, a professional or trade organization that offers a discount on health insurance? This can be a great way to save money on your plan. Keep in mind that some discount plans may limit what they cover. It’s always good to research the plan and make sure you know what you’re getting.
  • Will you work with an insurance agent? When you’re looking for health insurance, you have the option to work through an insurance agent or to contact insurance companies yourself. Some insurance companies only work through insurance agents or brokers. Some insurance agents only offer insurance from one or two insurance companies. It’s important to think about these limits when making your choice to work with an agent or not. If you choose to work through an agent, make sure their license is active. Look for them in the National Association of Insurance Commissioners’ database.

The Health Insurance Marketplace is through the federal government. It’s a way to get health insurance that meets your needs. The Marketplace is based on guidance from the Affordable Care Act.

Learn more at HealthCare.gov. Here are some pages you may find helpful:

  • 3 Things to Know Before You Pick a Health Insurance Plan
  • Getting Health Coverage Outside Open Enrollment
  • Glossary of Health Coverage and Medical Terms
  • HealthCare.gov Tips & Troubleshooting
  • Plans & Prices
  • Saving Money on Health Insurance
  • Top Questions

Health spending accounts help people save money to pay for medical costs. You may want to choose a health insurance plan where you can use a health spending account. There are a few types of accounts, including a health savings account (also called an HSA).

Learn more about health spending accounts.

Finding and choosing the right health insurance plan can be hard. There also are insurance scams to watch out for. Here are some tips to help you know your rights, avoid scams, and choose the best plan for you.

  • Learn about your options—Start your search for health insurance by learning about what’s available to you. Find out how to look for insurance in a way that’s safe. These resources can help:
    • How to Choose a Health Insurance Plan
    • National Association of Insurance Commissioners for Consumers
    • Insure.com—How to Buy Individual Health Insurance
  • Know your rights during medical underwriting—Before you can buy an individual health plan, you must give the insurance company details about your health. This is called medical underwriting. Learn about your rights during this process.
  • Watch out for unlicensed insurers—They may offer cheap plans but then refuse to pay for a claim. Be wary of discounts or deals that sound too good to be true. They may not offer insurance at all. If you’re not sure, don’t sign or make a payment until you confirm they are real. There are a few ways to confirm if an insurer is licensed:
    • Search the National Association of Insurance Commissioners directory. It lists all licensed insurers in Wisconsin.
    • Contact the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance. They can confirm that you are working with a real, licensed insurer.
  • Protect yourself from fraud—It’s important to know how to protect yourself and your loved ones from health care fraud. These resources can help:
    • Health Care Fraud information from the FBI
    • 4 Ways to Protect Yourself from Fraud in the Health Insurance Marketplace

Last Revised: August 10, 2022

Learning more about health insurance allows you to better choose a health insurance plan that fits both your health needs and your budget.  It's important to also review and compare the quality of care from hospitals and providers available under a health insurance policy. Health insurance is complicated, and there are many different options of coverage available from a variety of sources which are discussed in greater detail below.  Be sure to read your policy for information about filing claims.  If you already have health coverage and have questions, contact the carrier or contact us.

No Surprises Act

Government-Sponsored Health Coverage (Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE)

If you meet certain criteria, you may be eligible for government-sponsored health coverage.  

Medicare is available to those age 65 and older as well as those with certain disabilities or diseases.  Medicare recipients receiving traditional Medicare (Plans A and B) are eligible for Medicare supplement insurance.  The Iowa Insurance Division’s Senior Health Insurance Information Program (SHIIP) offers free, confidential and unbiased resources to help Iowans make informed decisions on their Medicare and other health insurance coverage. For more information about Medicare Supplement rate changes, view this report or browse its data directly.

Active-duty service members, veterans and their families may be eligible for health benefits through the government.  Visit the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to find out about available options.

Individual Health Insurance

Individual health insurance is insurance you purchase yourself – not through an employer or provided through a government health insurance program.  Individual health insurance policies come in two main forms –they are available either on or off the federal Health Insurance Marketplace.  Health plans compliant with the Affordable Care Act are based on Essential Health Benefits (EHB) Benchmark Plans.

If an insurance company denied benefits because the services were not medically necessary, or because the services were investigational or experimental, you may be eligible to file a request for an external review.

States with an 'Effective Rate Review Program' (which Iowa has been granted such status by CMS), must provide a link to the rate review information made available on the CMS website:  https://ratereview.healthcare.gov/

Small Group Health Insurance

Small group health insurance is provided by employers that have 1-50 employees.  Currently in Iowa, small group health insurance is only available Off-Exchange.  Small group employers can purchase small group health insurance plans directly from a health insurance carrier or with the assistance of an Iowa licensed insurance producer.  Small group employers may self-insure by assuming the financial risk of paying claims incurred by employees.  There will be no insurance companies underwriting the health plans, although sometimes they administer the plans.  Health plans compliant with the Affordable Care Act are based on Essential Health Benefits (EHB) Benchmark Plans.

Check with your employer to see which type of health insurance they offer.  If the plan is self-insured, questions or complaints should be directed to the U.S. Department of Labor rather than the Iowa Insurance Division.   

If an insurance company denied benefits because the services were not medically necessary, or because the services were investigational or experimental, you may be eligible to file a request for an external review.

Large Group Health Insurance

Large group health insurance is provided by employers that have 51 or more employees.  

Many large group health insurance plans are self-insured and assume the financial risk of paying health plan claims incurred by employees.  

Check with your employer to be sure which type of health insurance they offer.  Any questions or complaints regarding self-insured plans should be directed to the U.S. Department of Labor rather than the Iowa Insurance Division.  

If an insurance company denied benefits because the services were not medically necessary, or because the services were investigational or experimental, you may be eligible to file a request for an external review.

Multiple Employer Welfare Arragements (MEWAs) and Association Health Plans (AHPs)

A multiple employer welfare arrangement (MEWA) is an employee welfare benefit plan, or any other arrangement which is established or maintained for the purpose of offering or providing any benefit to employees of two or more employers as defined in section 3 of the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act, 29 U.S.C. section 1002, paragraph 40.   Association health plans (AHPs) are a type of MEWA.  View more information about MEWAs or AHPs here.

Short-Term Limited-Duration Health Insurance

The federal government extended the permissible period of time for short-term limited-duration health insurance policies to permit them to provide coverage for up to 364 days and for a period of 3 years.  In 2019, the Iowa Insurance Division adopted administrative rules to provide meaningful minimum standards of benefits and enhanced consumer protections for short-term limited-duration policies.  Some policies may cover pre-existing conditions, others may not; consumers should read the policy language carefully to make this determination.

The IID is reviewing carrier filings and has authorized the following companies to sell plans for up to 364 days.  No other carriers are authorized to sell plans that have a duration of 364 days. Consumers looking for plans beyond 364 days should check to make sure the plan is renewable.

Long-term Care Insurance

Long-term care insurance may help cover some or all of the following services: help with daily activities for a person with health conditions, home health care, respite care, hospice care, adult day care, care in a nursing home, or care in an assisted living facility.   

Insolvent Life and Health Insurers

“The Iowa Life & Health Insurance Guaranty Association is a statutory entity created in 1987 [by] the Iowa Legislature. . . . The Guaranty Association is composed of all insurers licensed to sell life insurance, accident and health insurance, and individual annuities in the state of Iowa. In the event that a member insurer is found to be insolvent and is ordered to be liquidated by a court, the Guaranty Association will provide protection [up to statutory limits] to Iowa residents who are holders of life and health insurance policies and individual annuities with the insolvent insurer.”  -- Iowa Life & Health Insurance Guaranty Association.  

For more information, go to the Iowa Life & Health Insurance Guaranty Association’s website.

Prior Authorization Forms

Each health carrier, health benefit plan, and pharmacy benefits manager is required to create, use, and submit a single prior authorization form to the commissioner for approval.

The prior authorization forms that have been approved by the Iowa Insurance Division can be found on this page.

Contact Us

Insurance can be complicated.  The staff at the Iowa Insurance Division is here to help answer your questions or concerns regarding your health insurance needs.  If you need assistance, please contact the Iowa Insurance Division. 

What are the underwriting factors for health insurance?

The four original underwriting factors (i.e., age, sex, institutional status, and welfare status) for the AAPCC were calibrated from the Current Medicare Surveys for 1974-76. Those factors have been updated by various actuarial adjustments.

What is the initial source of underwriting for an insurance policy?

Your application: The basic source of underwriting information is your completed application for term insurance. The questions on the application are designed to give the insurer much of the information needed to make a decision.

What do health insurance underwriters look for?

Medical insurance underwriters evaluate the eligibility of applicants seeking a healthcare policy. They review each person's medical history, but they can also weigh factors such as age, profession, credit scores, and living situation. An underwriter accepts or denies each application.

What are the three primary sources of health insurance three correct answers?

Citizens in the United States typically receive health insurance from three main sources: private insurance (either through an employer or purchased on their own), Medicare and Medicaid.